【摘要】 以4-松油醇型优良单株无性繁殖的互叶白千层苗木为材料,种植后,在施用N、P、K 3种大量元素肥料的同时,加施一定量微量元素肥料,探索不同肥料对互叶白千层生长和精油的影响。结果表明,微量元素氯和硼对4-松油醇型互叶白千层地径及有效生物量的生长有一定促进作用,地径均比对照增加35.6%、比单施大量元素肥料增加7.9%,有效生物量比对照增加28.9%和27.2%、比单施大量元素肥料增加10.5%和9.0%。微量元素锌和铁对4-松油醇型互叶白千层枝叶含油量有一定促进作用,加施前者的枝叶精油含量比对照高13.1%(按精油计,下同)、比单施大量元素肥料高2.0%,加施后者的枝叶精油含量比对照高14.2%、比单施大量元素肥料高2.9%。微量元素硼对4-松油醇型互叶白千层枝叶精油中的主要组份1,8-桉叶素的影响最大,精油中1,8-桉叶素含量比对照低得多,仅为其它所有处理的1/2以下。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to find out the effects of different fertilization treatments on growth and essential oil of Melaleuca altennifolia,experiments were carried out on superior terpinen-4-ol type Melaleuca with vegetative propagation,which were applied with fertilizers like N,P and K and in addition,with a finite amount of microelement fertilizer.The results showed that,microelement Chlorine and Boron had a promoting effect on the tree diameter and effective biomass of Melaleuca of terpinen-4-ol type. Under above conditions,tree diameters of both increased by 35. 6%compared with the control,and increased by 7. 9% compared with those of adding N,P and K fertilizers only,while effective biomass increased by 28. 9% and 27. 2%,respectively,than that of controlled trial,and increased by 10. 5% and 9. 0%,respectively,than those of adding N,P and K fertilizers only. Microelement Zn and Fe had a promoting effect on the oil content in branch and leaves of Melaleuca of terpinen-4-ol type. Applied with microelement Zn,the oil content of branch leaves increased by 13. 1% compared with the control(according to essential oil,the same below) and increased by 2. 0% compared with those of adding N,P and K fertilizers only.With microelement Fe,the oil content in branch and leaves increased by 14. 2% compared with the control,and increased by 2. 9% compared with those of adding N,P and K fertilizers only. Among which,microelement Boron had the greatest influence on the main components 1,8-eucalyptol of essential oil in branch and leaves of Melaleuca of terpinen-4-ol type. The content of 1,8-eucalyptol in the essential oil,only 1/2 of the other treatment,was much lower compared with the control.更多还原