Two kinds of different spacer biquaternary ammonium salts N1,N3-dibenzyl-2-hydroxy-N1,N1,N3,N3-tetramethylpropane-1,3-diaminium dichloride(Q1) and N1,N6-dibenzyl-N1,N1,N6,N6-tetramethylhexane-1,6-diaminium dibromide(Q2) were prepared to modify montmorillonite(MMT).Copper was loaded on the modified MMT by the impregnation reduction method to form two kinds of catalytic materials Cu-Q1-MMT and Cu-Q2-MMT.They were applied to the coupling of aryl halides and aqueous ammonia.It was found that they were high acti...