【摘要】 目的了解珠海市金湾区城市居民营养和健康状况,为今后开展营养工作提供参考。方法根据"中国居民营养与健康状况监测工作手册(2011)",采用多阶段和人口成比例的整群随机方法抽取调查对象,通过3 d 24 h回顾法和以家庭为单位的调味品称重法收集膳食数据,身高、体重、血压等健康状况数据由现场体检收集。结果共抽取了450户家庭参与健康体检,其中随机抽取的180户居民参与了3 d 24 h个人膳食回顾调查和家庭调味品称重调查。调查对象谷薯类、蔬菜、鱼虾类摄入量接近推荐值;奶类、水果类、大豆类和蛋类摄入量低于推荐值;而畜禽肉类、油脂和盐的摄入量远远高于推荐值。食物成分分析显示B族维生素、钙、硒摄入不足的比例分别为85.3%、88.7%和73.0%;碳水化合物摄入不足的比例为18.9%;93.4%的居民钠摄入超过了适宜摄入量。脂肪供能比为41.7%;碳水化合物供能比为43.4%。体检结果显示超重率为32.4%、肥胖率为9.4%、高血压患病率为13.4%。结论珠海市金湾区居民膳食结构不完全合理,部分微量营养素摄入不足风险较高,超重/肥胖和高血压患病率高,应加强对社区居民的平衡膳食健康教育和营养与膳食指导。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To learn the dietary nutrients and health status of residents in Jinwan district of Zhuhai,so as to provide reference for further work in nutrition health promotion. Methods The survey was implemented according to the handbook of Chinese National Nutrients and Health Survey(2011 publication). A random multi-stage cluster sampling method based on population proportion was adopted to select subjects,interviewed face to face by continuous 3-day 24-hour recall combined with spices weighing. Physical examinations were conducted for subjects ’ health information such as height,weight and blood pressure. Results A total of 450 households of Jinwan district were selected to take participation in physical examinations. Five hundred and twelve people from 180 out of 450 households were interviewed face to face by continuous 3-day 24-hour recall combined with spices weighing. The intake of cereal,vegetable,and fish approached the recommended level. The consumption of milk,fruit,soya bean,and egg did not achieve the recommendation,while which of meat,oil,and salt was highly beyond it. By Analyzing the food nourishment composition of residents in Jinwan district we found that the intakes of energy,B-Vitamins,calcium and selenium were inadequate,only reaching 85. 3%,88. 7% and 73. 0% of recommendation respectively.But sodium intake was so excessive that 93. 4% of people were exposed to high level than the appropriate intake(AI) recommendation. The proportion of inadequate intake of carbohydrates was 18. 9%. The ratio of energy supplied by fat to total energy was 41. 7%,while carbohydrates provided 43. 4% of total energy. Physical examination results showed that prevalence of overweight,obesity and hypertension among adults were 32. 4%,9. 4% and 13. 4%,respectively. Conclusion There was an irrational dietary pattern among residents in Jinwan district of Zhuhai. The risk of inadequate intakes of some micronutrients was high. The prevalence of overweight/obesity and high blood pressure was also popular. Zhuhai community should strengthen the dietary health education and nutrition guidance for community residents.更多还原