【摘要】 目的了解济南市布病的流行病学特征,为有针对性地制定科学的防控措施提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对济南市布病疫情数据和流行病学调查数据进行分析。结果 2011-2015年,济南市累计报告布病病例789例,无死亡病例,年均发病率为2.27/10万,发病呈现明显的上升趋势(r=0.96,P<0.001)。发病集中在商河县(186例)、章丘市(182例)和历城区(160例)。每月均有病例报告,3-7月发病588例,占74.52%。男女性别发病数比为2.64∶1;40~64岁年龄段发病507例,占64.26%;农民发病698例,占88.47%。病例的主要临床表现为发热(86.19%)、乏力(75.52%)、多汗(65.38%)和肌肉关节酸痛(62.24%)等,肝脾肿大和睾丸肿大的发生率较低。病例中从事牛羊养殖屠宰和皮毛加工者486例,占84.97%,有明确牛羊肉和生奶食用史且无牛羊接触史者26例,占4.55%。6.79%的病例工作时有个人防护,17.47%的病例对牲畜圈舍进行消毒处理,1.61%的病例对牲畜粪便进行无害化处理。肝脾肿大病例的确诊时间中位数(31天)要长于无肿大者(17天)。牛羊养殖屠宰等高危人群的布鲁氏菌感染率为2.94%。结论济南市布病发病呈现快速上升趋势,发病有明显季节性和人群特征,高危人群的个人防护意识亟需加强。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the main characteristics of brucellosis in Jinan City,and to provide scientific basis for making prevention and control strategies. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of brucellosis in Jinan City. Results From the year 2011 to 2015,a total of 789 brucellosis cases were reported in Jinan City,with no deaths and 2. 27/100000 of incidence rate per year,and an obvious rising trend appeared(r = 0. 96,P < 0. 001). Cases focused in Shanghe county(186 cases),Zhangqiu city(182 cases) and Licheng district(160 cases). Cases were reported in each month,and the peak was from March to July,588 cases,accounting for 74. 52%. Gender incidence ratio was 2. 64∶ 1. There were 507 cases aged year 40 to 64,accounting for 64. 26%. There were 698 farmers among all the cases,accounting for 88.47%. The major clinical manifestations of cases were fever(86. 19%),fatigue(75. 52%),sweat(65. 38%),muscle and joint pain(62. 24%),etc. The incidence of liver,spleen and testis enlargement was low. There were 486 cases engaged in livestock farming,slaughter and fur processing,accounting for 84. 97%. 26 cases infected brucellosis through diet without any livestock contacting history,accounting for 4. 55%. There were 6. 79% cases had personal protection when working,17. 47% cases disinfected their livestock house,and 1. 61% cases made innocent treatment with livestock feces. The median diagnosis time(31d) of cases with liver or spleen enlargement was longer than that of cases(17d) without those signs. The rate of testing positive of the high-risk population was 2. 94%. Conclusion The incidence of brucellosis in Jinan showed a rapidly rising trend and had obvious seasonal and population characteristics. Personal protection consciousness of high-risk population should be strengthened urgently.更多还原