【摘要】 在溶剂(水)-反溶剂(乙醇)体系下,利用反溶剂超声分散法制备磷酸二氢铵超细粉体,探索得到一种简便、经济的超细粉体制备方法,为后续灭火材料的制备提供基础。研究了超声时间、溶液初始浓度、溶剂-反溶剂体积比、超声功率等条件对磷酸二氢铵粉体形貌和粒径的影响。利用纳米激光粒度仪、扫描电镜、红外光谱、X-射线衍射等对原料和产物进行表征分析。实验结果表明:超声时间为4 min,磷酸二氢铵溶液浓度为0.1 mol/L,溶剂反溶剂体积比为2∶8,超声功率为仪器总功率的9%时,可得粒径500 nm左右的磷酸二氢铵纳米流体;高速离心及真空干燥后,得到粒径2~3μm的固体颗粒产物。更多还原

【Abstract】 In a solvent( water)-anti-solvent( ethanol) system,the ultrafine powder of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate is prepared by anti-solvent ultrasonic dispersion method. It is a simple and economical method for the preparation of ultrafine powder. The effects of ultrasonic time,initial concentration of solvent,solvent / anti-solvent volume ratio and ultrasonic power on the morphology and particle size of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate powder are studied.The raw materials and products are characterized by nano laser particle size analyzer,scanning electron microscope,infrared spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction and so on. The results show that the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate nano fluid with about 500 nm of the particle size is achieved under the following conditions: 4 minutes of ultrasonic time,0. 1 mol /L of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solution,2∶ 8 volume ratio of the solvent anti-solvent and 9% of total power of the ultrasonic instrument. The powder of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate with 2- 3 μm of the particle size are eventually obtained though high-speed centrifugation and vacuum drying.更多还原