【摘要】 目的分析陕西省美沙酮维持治疗(MMT)门诊治疗者脱失情况及其影响因素。方法从"社区美沙酮维持治疗系统",收集2012-2015年陕西省MMT门诊入组治疗者的社会人口学特征、既往毒品滥用情况及维持治疗情况等信息。将研究对象分为脱失组和未脱失组,分析脱失情况及影响因素。结果纳入研究对象2 342例MMT治疗者,脱失治疗者1 135例,脱失率48.5%;未脱失治疗者1 207例。脱失组和未脱失组在年龄(χ~2=155.120,P<0.001)、职业(χ~2=13.253,P<0.001)、民族(χ~2=4.368,P=0.037)、婚姻状况(χ~2=12.801,P=0.002)、文化程度(χ~2=19.811,P<0.001)、首次吸毒年龄(χ~2=36.831,P<0.001)、吸毒年限(χ~2=21.817,P<0.001)、注射毒品史(χ~2=4.382,P=0.036)、共用针具史(χ~2=41.773,P<0.001)、服药天数(Z=-27.703,P<0.001)和尿检阳性率(Z=-24.161,P<0.001)之间差异有统计学意义。多因素Logistic回归分析显示:年龄、职业、共用针具史、尿检阳性率和服药天数,是MMT治疗者脱失的影响因素。结论陕西省MMT门诊治疗者脱失率较高,应针对低年龄段、无业、有共用针具史、尿检阳性率高、治疗时间短的易脱失者加强宣传教育和行为干预,提高治疗者的依从性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the dropout status and its influencing factors of patients with methadone maintenance treatment(MMT) in Shaanxi province Methods Data of MMT cases were collected from the ‘community methadone maintenance therapy’system from 2012 to 2015, to know their social demographic characteristics, behavior on drug abuse and maintenance treatment information. The subjects were divided into two groups, dropout group and non-dropout group, and the factors were analyzed accordingly. Results Out of the 2342 subjects, the dropout rate was 48.5%. The factors were significantly different between dropout group and non-dropout group such as age(χ~2=155.120, P<0.001), occupation(χ~2=13.253, P<0.001), ethnicity(χ~2=4.368, P<0.037), marital status(χ~2=12.801, P=0.002), education(χ~2=19.811, P<0.001), age of first drug use(χ~2=36.831, P<0.001), years of drug use(χ~2=21.817, P<0.001), injecting drug history(χ~2=4.382, P=0.036), shared needle history(χ~2=41.773, P<0.001), methadone used days(Z =-27.703, P<0.001) and urine test positive rate(Z=-24.161, P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that factors of age, occupation, shared needle history, methadone used days and urine test positive rate were associated with patients dropping out from MMT. Conclusion The dropout rate of patients in Shaanxi MMT clinics is high. Publicity and education should be targeted to dropout patients, esp. for those at low age, unemployed, having shared needle history, with urine test positive or short methadone used days, to ensure patients’ compliance with the treatment.更多还原