【摘要】 生态环境数据库构建是掌握各类生态环境因子精确空间分布规律的关键。以多尺度陆地界域为研究区域,依1∶100 000、1∶10 000、1∶2 000地形图进行梯形网格、矩形网格划分,按照国际分幅编号规则分别形成10.3万幅、7.37万幅、1.69万幅覆盖全球/全国/北京的格网数据,提取并整合森林植被覆盖数据、地形地貌数据、气候气象数据、土地土壤数据、大气污染物等多种生态环境因子信息,建立属性数据库,进而建成全球及区域多尺度生态环境格网数据库,便于进行多类型数据的时空分布规律研究,实现了现有多类型生态环境基础数据的科学有效管理及可视化表达。构建的多尺度生态环境数据库具有较强的实用性,已应用于森林植被生境因子空间变异研究及北京市可吸入颗粒浓度分布研究,为科研、教学及生产实践提供了可靠的数据支持,为今后进行多因子多维度空间分布模型研究奠定了基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 The construction of the eco-environmental database is the key to understand the precise pattern of spatial distribution of all types of ecological environmental factors.This article utilized multi-scale land boundaries as research area,constructed gradient meshes and rectangular grids following the scale of1∶100 000,1∶10 000 and 1∶2 000 topographic maps.Following international numbering rules,each scale formed 103 000 73 728 and 16 921 pictures of grid data,covering Beijing,China,and the world.The paper extracted and intergraded many environmental factors,such as forest area data,topography and geography data,climatology data,land and soil data,and atmosphere pollution data etc,to construct attribute database,to further form a global and multi-dimensional database,and to realize the visualization and effective management of multiple types of fundamental eco-environmental data.Through analyzing the data,the distribution pattern of different types of factors in time and space could also be learned.It was empirically proved that the results of the study could be effectively applied in areas such as the spatial variability of forest vegetation habitat factors and repairable particulate matter concentration distribution in Beijing,also could provide reliable data for research and education.Furthermore,it put up the base for multifactor and multi-dimensional distribution modeling.更多还原