【摘要】 目的分析2014年哈尔滨5起流感暴发的流行病学特征及影响因素,为有效防控流感提供科学依据。方法开展暴发现场调查,用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 5起流感暴发集中在2014年4-5月,均发生在乡镇中小学校,发病人数156人,罹患率范围4.29%~77.78%。经病原学检测,3起为B型流感暴发、2起为H3N2型流感暴发。中小学生发病罹患率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),男女性别之间发病率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 B型和H3N2型流感疫情来势凶猛,传播速度快,提高疫情报告的及时性和及早对疫点采取综合处置措施是控制流感暴发的有效手段。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analysis the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of 5 influenza outbreaks from April to May 2014 in Harbin, so as to provide scientific evidence for influenza control and prevention. Methods Outbreak investigation was performed among all the cases, descriptive epidemiology were used to study the epidemiological data of influenza outbreaks. Results The 5 outbreaks of influenza which was confirmed 156 cases occurred in primary and secondary schools mainly from April to May. The attack rate range from 4.29% to 77.78%. Pathogenic detection showed that 3 outbreaks caused by influenza B, 2 outbreaks caused by influenza H3N2. There was no significant difference of incidence between different levels of school(P > 0.05), no significant difference of incidence between gender(P > 0.05). Conclusion The epidemic of type B and H3N2 type were ferocious, the virus were aggressive and spread fast. Improving the timeliness of epidemic reporting, early comprehensive disposal of epidemic focus are the effective measures for outbreak control.更多还原