【摘要】 为了实现对农作物秸秆资源充分有效利用,研究植物纤维素的预处理和测定方法。以渭南市几种常见农作物秸秆为材料,通过硝酸—乙醇法分析秸秆碱处理前后其纤维素含量变化。结果表明,农作物秸秆的纤维素含量为:玉米秸秆>棉花秸秆>小麦秸秆;用碱处理后,3种农作物秸秆的纤维素含量都有不同程度增高,其增长率为:小麦秸秆>玉米秸秆>棉花秸秆;碱处理前后玉米秸秆的纤维素含量始终最高。一种较为理想的秸秆预处理方式是碱煮处理,处理条件为:10%(wt)的Na OH水溶液与秸秆以12∶1(wt)的比例混合,95℃下碱煮2 h。这些方法可以指导农作物秸秆组分的有效分离和高值化利用。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to utilize the crop straw resources effectively,the pretreatment and determination methods of plant cellulose were studied. Using several common crops straws in Weinan city as materials,the plant cellulose content before and after treating with alkali solution was determined by the nitric acid-ethanol methods. The results showed that the cellulose content in the several crops straw is in the order of corn > cotton > wheat,and the cellulose content after treating with alkali solution has increased at different degree,and the increasing rate is in the order of wheat > corn > cotton. The cellulose content of corn,whether was treated with alkali solution or not,was the highest in the three plants. A kind of ideal pretreatment method of straw was alkali cooking,and the treating condition was that 10 wt% NaOH solution was mixed with straw as the weight ratio of 12 ∶ 1( wt) and then cooking at95 ℃ for 2 h. This method can guide the effective separation and high-value utilization of crop straw components.更多还原