【摘要】 目的了解医院感染状况、5年医院感染现患率变化趋势、抗菌药物使用及病原菌分布状况,评价医院感染管理效果,明确今后医院感染防控工作重点,有针对性采取干预措施。方法采用床旁和病历调查相结合的方法,对本院2011年9月14、2012年8月23日、2013年9月4日、2014年9月16日、2015年9月24日0:00-24:00所有住院患者进行调查分析。结果5次共调查住院患者4518例,医院感染129例,感染现患率为2.86%;重症医学科、神经外科、肿瘤科为医院感染率较高科室;医院感染部位以下呼吸道为主,其次为手术切口、皮肤软组织、泌尿道;抗菌药物使用以治疗用药为主,占53.02%,其中联合使用以一联为主,占71.91%,5年抗菌药物一联使用率逐年升高,二联使用率逐年下降,5年治疗用药平均送检率为20.60%,还有待提高;医院感染病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主。结论5年现患率调查基本反映医院感染实际情况,今后应加强重点科室医院感染监测,有针对性进行干预,降低医院感染发病率。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the situation of nosocomial infection,the trends of nosocomial infection prevalence rate during 5 years,the use of antimicrobial agents and the pathogenic bacteria distribution so as to evaluation of nosocomial infection management effect, clearly focus on the future of nosocomial infection prevention and control work, targeted interventions. Methods By using the method of combination of clinical investigation and consult medical records, we investigated and analyzed all the inpatients in our hospital during 0:00-24:00 in September 14,2011, August 23, 2012, September 4, 2013, September 16, 2014, September 24, 2015. Results A total of 4518 cases of hospitalizedpatients were investigated in 5times, 129 cases of nosocomial infection,the prevalence rate was 2.86%;The nosocomial infection rate is higher forthedepartment of ICU, department of neurosurgery and oncology;The lower respiratory tract was the predominant infection sites, followed by the surgical incision, the skin soft tissue and the urinary tract;The use of antibiotics agents was in the treatment of the main, accounting for 53.02%, of which in combination with a joint, accounting for 71.91%,the usage rate of a joint antimicrobial agentsincreased year by year in 5 years, and the two joint utilization rate decreased year by year, the average submission rate was 20.60% in 5 years, still need to be improved;Gramnegative bacteria were the main pathogens of nosocomial infection. Conclusion 5-year prevalence rate survey basically reflects the actual situation of nosocomial infection, in the future, we should strengthen the key departments of nosocomial infection monitoring, targeted interventions to reduce the incidence of hospital infection.更多还原