【摘要】 莱布尼茨的物质无限可分思想不仅在莱布尼茨哲学体系中具有举足轻重的地位,而且对西方哲学史的近代发展也具有比较深广的影响。莱布尼茨的物质无限可分思想的学术背景虽然可以一直上溯到古希腊时代亚里士多德与德谟克利特的哲学争论,但最根本的还在于笛卡尔与原子论的近代复兴者伽森狄的哲学争论。可以说,莱布尼茨的无限可分思想及其哲学意义主要地就是在对笛卡尔的批判的再批判中发挥出来的。莱布尼茨在对笛卡尔有关思想的反思和批判中,从他的物质无限可分思想中不仅推演出了他的"单子论"实体学说,而且还推演出了他的中国盒式的自然有机主义和前定和谐系统。差不多与亚里士多德提出其物质无限可分思想的同时,中国古代哲学家也提出了一个著名的与亚里士多德的说法极其相似的哲学命题,这就是:"一尺之捶,日取其半,万世不竭"。莱布尼茨的这样一种哲学进路对我们昭示我国古代学者惠施等人"尺捶"之辩的本体论意义显然具有重要的借鉴意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Leibniz’s thoughts of matter infinitely divisible not only possesses an important position in his philosophical system,but has a profound and abroad influence on the modern development of the history of Western philosophy.This paper aims at considering Leibniz’s thoughts of matter infinitely divisible from both levels of its academic background and its philosophical significances.It is true that its academic background may be traced to the controversy between Aristotle and Democritus in Ancient Greek times,but the main content of the background consists in Discartes’ philosophy controversy with Gassendi as a famous instaurator of ancient atomism,so that we may say that to a large extent,Leibniz develops his thoughts of the Infinite Divisibility of Matter and its philosophical significances primarily through his re-criticism of Descartes’ criticism of Gassendi.By this re-criticism,Leibniz deduces his monadology,his natural organism and his system of pre-established harmony from his thoughts of the Infinite Divisibility of Matter.Almost in the meantime of Aristotle putting forward his thoughts of the Infinite Divisibility of Matter,ancient Chinese philosophers also put forward a famous philosophical proposition which is very similar to Aristotle’s,namely,"one foot of the whip,day take the half,eternally inexhaustible".Leibniz’s philosophical route has an important reference value for us to reveal the ontological significances of the debate about one foot of whip in Ancient China.更多还原