【摘要】 为了获取适用于土壤中原生矿物的简便、快捷且误差较小的定量分析方法,基于X-射线衍射技术并利用强度比例因子法的基本原理,对钾长石-黑云母-石英组合中三种矿物共存或其中任意两种矿物组合的情形进行了定量研究,建立了9个定量计算公式。对于钾长石-黑云母组合,f%=(If/Ib)/(If/Ib+1.4255)×100%,b%=(Ib/If)/(Ib/If+0.9058)×100%;对于钾长石-石英组合,f%=(If/Iq)/(If/Iq+0.3241)×100%,q%=(Iq/If)/(Iq/If+3.5623)×100%;对于黑云母-石英组合,b%=(Ib/Iq)/(Ib/Iq+0.5590)×100%,q%=(Iq/Ib)/(Iq/Ib+1.8705)×100%;对于钾长石-黑云母-石英组合,f%=If/(If+1.2333Ib+0.5508Iq)×100%,b%=Ib/(Ib+1.1962If+0.4966Iq)×100%,q%=Iq/(Iq+2.7251If+2.5427Ib)×100%。计算结果表明,无论是钾长石还是黑云母和石英,其实测值与真实值之间的相关性均很好:对于黑云母-石英组合,相关系数(r)为0.99;对于钾长石-石英组合和钾长石-黑云母组合,r均为0.96;对于钾长石-黑云母-石英组合,三种矿物实测值与真实值之间的r分别为0.88、0.93和0.92。所建立的方法之误差也较小:对于钾长石-黑云母、钾长石-石英和黑云母-石英组合,平均误差分别为6.9%、5.5%和3.2%;对于三元矿物组合,钾长石、黑云母和石英的平均误差则分别为8.4%、6.5%和6.7%。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to obtain a simple, fast and accurate quantitative analysis method for primary minerals in soil, a series of experiments on the coexistence of two or three minerals of potash feldspar(Kfs), biotite(Bt), and quartz(Qtz)was carried out and nine quantitative calculation formulas were established on the basis of X-ray diffraction technique and intensity scale coefficient method. For the Kfs-Bt assemblage, f% =(If/Ib)/(If/Ib+ 1.4255) × 100%, b% =(Ib/If)/(Ib/If+ 0.9058) × 100%; for the Kfs-Qtz assemblage, f% =(If/Iq)/(If/Iq+ 0.3241) × 100%, q% =(Iq/If)/(Iq/If+ 3.5623) × 100%; for the Bt-Qtz assemblage, b% =(Ib/Iq)/(Ib/Iq+ 0.5590) × 100%,q% =(Iq/Ib)/(Iq/Ib+ 1.8705) × 100%; for the Kfs-Bt-Qtz assemblage, f% = If/(If+ 1.2333 Ib+ 0.5508 Iq) × 100%, b% = Ib/(Ib+1.1962 If+ 0.4966 Iq) × 100%, q% = Iq/(Iq+ 2.7251 If+ 2.5427 Ib) × 100%. Quantitative results showed that measured values was well correlated with real values for Kfs or Bt or Qtz. The correlation coefficient(r) between measured values and real values was 0.99 for the Bt-Qtz assemblage and 0.96 for the Kfs-Bt and Kfs-Qtz assemblage.It were 0.88, 0.93 and 0.92, respectively for Kfs, Bt and Qtz of the Kfs-Bt-Qtz assemblage. In addition, the precise calculated results using the established formula was satisfactory. The average error for Kfs-Bt, Kfs-Qtz and Bt-Qtz assemblages was 6.9%, 5.5% and 3.2%, respectively. For the ternary mineral assemblage, the average error of Kfs, Bt and Qtz was 8.4%, 6.5% and 6.7%, respectively.更多还原