【摘要】 以春玉米为供试材料,在山西省忻州市忻府区进行大田试验,设计配方施肥（TFR）、农民习惯施肥（FP）和对照（CK）3种施肥方式,研究高、中、低土壤肥力条件下,不同施肥方式对春玉米产量和经济效益、肥料利用率、农学效益的影响。连续两年大田试验结果表明,配方施肥与农民习惯施肥相比,高、中、低土壤肥力区玉米产量分别增加10.1%、13.2%和9.3%;与对照（CK）相比玉米产量分别增加33.7%、39.9%和47.6%。根据试验年份的物价计算,扣除肥料成本后,每公顷TFR比FP和CK玉米经济效益分别增加11.2%和9.2%。产量可持续指数表明,中肥力区增产效果最优。尿素的利用率为22.4%,普通过磷酸钙的利用率为9.9%,硫酸钾的利用率为21.2%。氮、磷、钾肥的农学效益分别为8.7、11.5和9.9 kg·kg^-1。配方施肥对春玉米增产、增收效果显著,可为山西省春玉米"两高一优"生产提供理论依据,为合理施肥提供数据参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 The field experiment was conducted to study the impact of fertilization on yield and economic benefit of spring maize in two consecutive years.Different fertilization treatments were investigated including soil testing and fertilizer recommendation （TFR）,farmer fertilization practice （FP） and control （CK） in the high,medium and low soil fertility conditions,respectively.Results indicated that the yield of spring maize in TRF was increased by 10.1%,13.2% and 9.3% in the high,medium and low soil fertility regions,respectively,compared to FP.The yield of maize in TRF was enhanced by 33.7%,39.9% and 47.6%,respectively,compared to CK.Economic benefits of TRF were increased by 11.2% and 9.2%,respectively,compare with FP and CK,according to the price of the test year,after deducting the cost of fertilizer input.The sustainable yield index showed that the yield increasing effect was the best in the medium fertility soil region.The utilization rates of N,P and K were 22.4%,9.9% and 21.2%,respectively,and the agronomic benefits were 8.7,11.5 and 9.9 kg·kg^-1.Soil testing and fertilizer recommendation fertilization and income effect is significant on spring maize yield,which can provide theoretical basis and scientific data for the production of maize.更多还原