【摘要】 传统理论以消费的非排他性和非竞争性作为公共品的界定标准,仍存在一些难以自洽的缺陷:现实中几乎不存在符合传统理论标准的纯公共品、同一物品会在不同分类结果中反复摇摆不定、传统理论推演的变化趋势与现实的变化趋势出现背离等等,这就要求对"公共品"进行重新认识。文章从公共选择的角度对这些问题做出了探索性的回答,并认为公共选择是物品成为"公共品"的关键性因素,公共品就是人们通过正式或非正式的公共选择途径,将个人偏好转换为集体偏好(政府偏好或国家偏好),由公共部门提供的满足社会成员共同需要的物品或服务。更多还原

【Abstract】 The traditional theory defines public goods with the characters:the non-exclusiveness and non-competitiveness.But the traditional define has some self-consistent defaults:the first one is that the pure public goods do not exist in reality which satisfies the standard strictly given by the traditional theory,the second one is that the same thing sways in different classification results,the third one is that evolution tendency between the realty and the traditional theory is derivative,etc.These self-consistent defaults demand us to re-cognize the "public goods".This article answers these problems exportable from the perspective of public choice. Based on the "public goods" re-cognition, the public choice is the key faction which determines the things to become public goods.So the public goods is the goods or servers which are converted from private preferences into collective preferences by the formal or informal ways,provided by public sectors, satisfying social member’s common needs.更多还原