【摘要】 基于24个采样点的大型底栖动物监测数据,Goodnight-Whitley修正指数(GBI指数)、average score per taxon(ASPT)指数、family biotic index(FBI)指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和benthic index of biotic integrity(B-IBI)指数5种不同的生物评价指数,对东江流域的主要干支流进行河流生态健康评价,并研究不同生物评价指数在东江的适用性。结果表明,东江流域的整体健康状态处于中等水平,河流上游水质多达到"良好",中游水质多为"一般",下游水质则为"较差"或"极差"。分析了不同指数对不同类型人类干扰活动的响应,结果表明,除ASPT指数外,其余4种指数在不同程度上均能较显著地反映人类干扰的影响。其中,GBI指数对磷污染指示作用最佳;FBI指数对NO-2-N的污染指示最好;Shannon-Wiener多样性指数对有机污染有较好的指示作用,并与电导率呈显著的负相关关系;B-IBI指数与DO呈现显著的正相关,并能很好地指示NH+4-N污染。利用不同的生物评价指数对东江进行综合评价,不仅能较为可靠地反映东江流域水质的整体状况,而且能指示不同人类干扰活动对东江河流生态系统的影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the monitoring data for macroinvertebrates from 24 sampling sites,five indices including the Goodnight-Whitley modified index( GBI),the average score per taxon( ASPT) index,the family biotic index( FBI),the Shannon-Wiener index,and the benthic index of biotic integrity( B-IBI) were used to assess the health status of the main stream and tributaries of the Dongjiang River Basin. The applicability of the indices to the basin was studied. The results show that the overall health status of the Dongjiang River Basin was at a middle level but varied in different parts of the basin: the upper basin had a healthy status,the central part had a moderately heathy status,and the lower part had an unhealthy or extremely unhealthy status. Analysis of the responses of different indices to various types of human activities shows that all the indices,excluding the ASPT index,can reflect the influence of human activities to various degrees. Of the indices,the GBI index was a good indicator of phosphor contamination,the FBI index was a good indicator of nitrite nitrogen contamination,the Shannon-Wiener index could indicate organic pollution well while it had a significantly negative correlation with conductivity,and the BIBI index had a strongly positive correlation with dissolve oxygen,being a good indicator to ammonia contamination.In conclusion,the comprehensive assessment of the Dongjiang River Baisn with different biological indices can not only reflect the whole condition of the basin reliably,but also indicate the effect of different types of human activities on the river ecosystem of the basin.更多还原