【摘要】 天然气在开采过程中,随着地层能量的衰减,地层水不能随气流产出,造成气井减产甚至变为死井。生产中通过向气井井底注入起泡剂,与井底积水混合,在气流搅动下生成大量低密度含水泡沫,表面张力下降使水相分散而变为携液能力强的环雾流,从而把地层水举升到地面。基于对天然气开采过程中泡沫排水的认识,在泡沫排水模拟装置上以泡排剂浓度、氮气流量为参数,采用单因素研究方法,逐一确定动力学方程参数,最终得到起泡动力学方程:当T=65℃、u<50m L/min时,dV/dt=85.6wu^1.61;当T=65℃、u>50m L/min时,dV/dt=2.7wu^2.23。温度对起泡反应影响较大,起泡速率常数随温度的升高先减小后增大,起泡速率常数与温度的关系不遵循Arrhenius公式。本研究为泡排剂起泡和消泡提供了必要的理论指导,使泡排剂筛选更加有效。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the process of natural gas exploitation,the formation water can′t be produced with air flow along with the formation energy attenuation,which results in production decline in the gas wells or even being dead wells.During the production,the foaming agent was injected into the downhole of the gas wells,and it mixed with the accumulated water in the downhole.A large number of low-density water-bearing foams were produced under air-agitation,and water phase was dispersed and turned into annular mist flow with strong liquid-carrying capacity because of the decrease of surface tension.At last the formation water was lifted to the ground.Based on the understanding on foam drainage of the simulator in the natural gas recovery pro-cess,the parameters in the foaming dynamics equation was detemined by single-factor research method one by one considering concentration of foaming drainage agent and nitrogen.The foaming dynamic equation was then established as dV/dt=85.6wu^1.61 when T =65℃ and u <50mL/min,and dV/dt=2.7wu^2.23 when T =65℃ and u>50m L/min.Temperature has great effect on the foaming action,and the foaming rate constant decreases and then increases with temperature increasing.The relationship between the foaming rate constant and the temper-ature does not follow the Arrhenius equation.This study provides the necessary theoretical guidance for foam-ing and defoaming of the foaming drainage agent,and makes it more efficient for foaming drainage agent screening.更多还原