【摘要】 目的探索长沙市雨花区成人主要慢性病流行现状,分析该地区高血压和糖尿病的主要危险因素,提出有效防控措施。方法采用多阶段随机抽样方法抽取2015年雨花区18岁以上常住居民4 113人,通过问卷调查、体格测量和血糖测定获得数据,采用Epi Data 3.1进行调查问卷双录入,通过Excel 2007、SPSS 18.0进行统计描述、χ2检验及多因素logistic回归分析。结果 2015年雨花区成人慢性病患病率前10位依次为高血压(21.47%)、糖尿病(10.99%)、冠心病(3.57%)、COPD(1.56%)、脑血管疾病(0.95%)、慢性胃肠炎(0.90%)、腰椎间盘疾病(0.83%)、颈椎疾病(0.53%)、高血脂症(0.46%)和胆结石胆囊炎(0.44%);高血压和糖尿病的患病率随年龄递增而增加(高血压:χ2趋势=526.696,P=0.000;糖尿病:χ2趋势=183.936,P=0.000),以60~岁组患病率最高;成人超重率、肥胖率、中心性肥胖率分别为28.2%、6.9%、27.3%;多因素logistic回归分析结果提示,高血压的危险因素是45~岁组、60~岁组、超重、肥胖、中心性肥胖、食用猪牛羊肉1~2 d/周及鸡鸭肉5~7 d/周,糖尿病的危险因素是35~岁组、45~岁组、60~岁组、超重、肥胖、中心性肥胖、食用水果小于1 d/周、食用猪牛羊肉小于1 d/周及鸡鸭肉5~7 d/周。结论长沙市雨花区18岁以上居民慢性病患病以高血压、糖尿病为主;高血压和糖尿病防治重点人群是45~岁组和60~岁组中老年人群、超重者、肥胖者及中心性肥胖者。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the epidemic status of major chronic diseases among adults in Yuhua District of Changsha City,to analyze the main risk factors of hypertension and diabetes in this region so as to put forward effective prevention and control measures.Methods A multistage random sampling method was used to select 4,113 permanent residents aged 18 years and above in Yuhua District in 2015.Data were obtained through a questionnaire survey,physical examination and blood glucose testing.The data of the questionnaire survey were inputed by Epi Data3.1 double-entry method.Statistical analysis,Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed by Excel 2007 and SPSS 18.0 software.Results The prevalence rates of top 10 chronic diseases in the adults in Yuhua District in 2015 were hypertension (21.47%),diabetes (10.99%),coronary heart disease (3.57%),chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (1.56%),cerebrovascular disease (0.95%),chronic gastroenteritis (0.90%),lumbar disc disease (0.83%),cervical spondylosis (0.53%),hyperlipidemia (0.46%),gallstone and cholecystitis (0.44%).The prevalence rates of hypertension and diabetes increased with the increasing age (hypertension: χ2 tendency= 526.696,P =0.000; diabetes: χ2 tendency= 183.936,P = 0.000),and the prevalence rate of the age group of 60-years was the highest.The prevalence rates of overweight,obesity and central obesity in the adults were 28.2%,6.9% and 27.3% respectively.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors for hypertension were the age groups of 45-and 60-years,overweight,obesity,central obesity,eating pork,beef and mutton for 1-2 days per week and eating chicken and duck meat for 5-7 days per week.The risk factors for diabetes were the age groups of 35-,45-and 60-years,overweight,obesity,central obesity,eating fruit less than 1 day per week,eating beef and mutton less than 1 day per week and eating chicken and duck meat for 5-7 days per week.Conclusions Hypertension and diabetes are the main chronic diseases among the residents aged 18 years and above in Yuhua District of Changsha City.The key populations for prevention and treatment of hypertension and diabetes in this region are the adults aged 45-years,the elders aged 60-years and the grown-ups with overweight,obesity and central obesity.更多还原