【摘要】 线粒体是真核细胞至关重要的细胞器,参与机体细胞能量代谢和细胞凋亡等多种生物学过程。线粒体还参与机体的天然免疫反应的调节。线粒体不仅可以作为病毒免疫反应的载体,还可以通过产生ROS参与抗菌反应。线粒体受到损伤、刺激后,可释放mt DNA,TFAM,ROS,ATP,心磷脂和甲酰肽等内容物。这些分子可以作为损伤相关模式分子(damage-associated molecular patterns,DAMPs)被模式识别受体识别,从而参与宿主的免疫调节。研究表明,线粒体已成为内源性DAMPs的重要来源,在先天性免疫应答以及疾病进展过程中发挥着重要的作用。本文就线粒体来源的损伤相关模式分子在机体免疫调节中的作用进行综述。更多还原

【Abstract】 Mitochondria have long been considered as crucial organelles,primarily for their wellappreciated roles in host-cell metabolic processes and programmed cell death. However,it is becoming increasingly apparent that mitochondria participate in a broad range of innate immune pathways,functioning as signalling platforms and contributing to effector responses. In addition to regulating antiviral signalling,mounting evidence suggests that mitochondria facilitate antibacterial immunity by generating reactive oxygen species( ROS) and contribute to innate immune activation following cellular damage and stress. The physiologically and pathologically relevant stress were observed in many human diseases and ageing. The stress often leads to release or exposure of intracellular molecules in mitochondria, which includes mitochondrial DNA, mitochondrial transcription factor A, N-formyl peptide,ROS, cardiolipin and ATP. As damage-associated molecular patterns( DAMPs), these molecules are recognized by membrane-bound or cytoplasmic-pattern recognition receptors( PRRs) that include Toll-like receptors( TLRs),RIG-I-like receptors( RLRs),nod-like receptors( NLRs) and purinergic receptors. Recently,mitochondria have emerged as an important source of DAMPs and play crucial roles in the initiation of innate immune response and in several pathological processes. In this review,we summarize the emerging knowledge about DAMPs derived from mitochondria and discuss their contribution in immune regulation and development of human pathologies.更多还原