【摘要】 借鉴认知心理学的有关研究方法与范式,运用心理测量法,对高水平、一般水平定向运动员的认知方式与注意特征进行测量.结果显示:高水平定向运动员认知方式与一般水平组存在显著差异,高水平定向运动员认知方式类型主要为场独立型和场中间型,一般定向运动员以场依存型和场中间型为主;定向运动员不同水平与注意广度、注意稳定性、认知方式显著相关,定向运动员认知方式对注意特征的影响主要体现为场独立型定向运动员的注意广度水平显著高于场中间型、场依存型运动员;场独立型和场中间型定向运动员的注意稳定性好于场依存型,而对注意特征其他指标不具影响.更多还原

【Abstract】 Psychological measurements in cognitive psychology were conducted to investigate the cognitive styles and attention characteristics of high-level and common orienteering athletes. The results showed that significant differences( P <0.01) in cognitive styles were observed between the two groups. Cognitive styles of high-level orienteering athletes were mainly the types of field-independence and field mid-dependence, while field-dependence and field mid-dependence were the main cognitive styles in the common orienteering athletes.Furthermore, the stability and span of attention( P <0.01) and cognitive styles( P <0.01) were exhibited significant differences between different levels of orienteering athletes. Attention characteristics were affected by cognitive styles, as reflected by that the levels of the attention span were higher in the field-independent orienteering athletes compared to that in field-dependent and field mid-dependent orienteering athletes. Moreover, the stability but no other characteristic of attention was better in the field-independent and field mid-dependent orienteering athletes than that in field-dependent orienteering athletes.更多还原