【摘要】 枫香因其维护地力作用明显、生态效益好、经济价值高,在生产、科研上备受重视。但由于人类活动的长期干扰,我国枫香林几乎被砍伐殆尽。因此,研究枫香种群的分布格局对种群恢复具有实践上的指导意义。本文以不同生境的枫香群落为研究对象,采用群落生态学的研究方法对枫香种群进行野外调查,研究种群分布格局与生物和环境因素之间的关系。结果表明:(1)不同地点,枫香种群聚集强度的大小有差异;(2)不同坡位,枫香种群均呈聚集分布,但聚集强度大小因坡位环境差异而不同;(3)不同坡向,枫香种群聚集强度阴坡面较阳坡面大,但聚集强度值因坡向环境差异而不同;(4)在种群发育中,幼龄期个体数量最多,并且龄级越靠近幼龄期,种群分布越呈强烈的聚集性。随年龄的增长,种群进入中龄期和老龄期,种群聚集度呈下降趋势并趋向随机分布或均匀分布;(5)不同地点,枫香与群落中其它物种呈现出不同的相关性,但正关联种对均比负关联种对少;(6)影响枫香种群的生境异质性主要为水、热、光、土壤以及地形条件,它们决定着枫香种群的大尺度分布格局特征以及分布区域。更多还原

【Abstract】 The production of and scientific research on Liquidambar formosana have received considerable attention because the maple plant has obvious effect on maintaining soil fertility,good ecological benefit and high economic value.However,due to the long term interference of human activities,China’s maple forest is almost been cleared out.Therefore,study on the distribution pattern of L.formosana has practical significance for population restoration.In this study,we selected L.formosana community in different habitats as the research object,and used the research methods of community ecology to investigate L.formosana population in order to understand the relationships between the population distribution and the biological and environmental factors.The results showed that:(1) The size of L.formosana aggregation intensity is obviously different in different locations.(2) Liquidambar formosana populations showed an aggregating distribution on different slope positions,but the size of aggregation intensity is different due to the slope’s environmental variations.(3) The aggregation is greater on shaded slopes than sunny slopes,but the aggregation intensity is different due to the slope’s environmental variations.(4) During the growth of the population,the number of juvenile individuals is largest,and more closer to juvenile age more aggregating of the population distribution;with the increase of the population to middle age or old age,the aggregation intensity of the population showed a decline trend and population become a random distribution or uniform distribution;(5) Liquidambar formosana showed different correlations with other woody plant species in different locations,but the positive correlations are less than negative correlations.(6) Habitat heterogeneity affecting the population is mainly water,heat,light,soil and terrain conditions,which determine the large-scale population distribution of L.formosana.更多还原