【摘要】 目的分析北京市成年居民的冬季时间活动模式特征。方法对2013年冬季开展的活动模式调查中10 322位成年居民的时间活动模式信息,采用描述统计、非参数统计检验,描述各类人群在不同场所中的活动时间,分析日期类别、地区、性别和年龄对时间活动模式的影响情况。结果冬季北京市成年居民每日花在室内、室外和交通出行上的时间,工作日期间分别为91.67%,4.17%和4.17%,休息日期间,则分别为87.50%,8.33%和4.17%。城区、郊区、远郊区成年居民工作日/休息日在各场所内的活动时间三者间均具有差异。60岁以上居民比其他年龄的成年居民有较多的室外活动时间和较少的交通出行时间。成年居民住家室内活动时间随年龄增加而增加。男性在室外和交通出行中花费的时间都多于女性。结论时间活动模式受日期类别、地区、性别、年龄因素的影响明显,在使用时间活动模式参数时应予以充分考虑。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective The purpose of this study was to analysis the characteristics of time-activity patterns of adult residents in Beijing in winter.Methods Information about time-activity pattern in winter of 10 322 adult residents from the questionnaire survey in 2013 was analyzed using descriptive statistics and non-parametric statistical tests.The effects of day type,residential area,age and gender on time-activity patterns were also discussed.Results Adult residents generally spent91.67% of their time indoor,4.17% outdoor,and 4.17% in commute during workdays.During rest days,the proportion of time spent indoor,outdoor and in transfer were 87.50%,8.33% and 4.17%,respectively.There were significant differences among the regions of city center,suburb and outer suburb in all location categories both on workday and rest day.Residents older than 60 years tend to spent longer time outdoor and shorter time in transfer than other adults.Adult residents tend to spend more and more time in residence indoor when they get older.Males spent longer time outdoor and longer time in commute than females.Conclusion The effects of day type,residential area,age and gender on time-activity pattern would be fully considered in exposure assessment of Beijing residents.更多还原