【摘要】 保留用益权的空虚所有权交易是大陆法系传统的一种财产分配方式,利用所有权的弹性,所有权人在移转物的空虚所有权后,仍然保有对物使用收益的权利,由此将归属和用益权能分配给不同的主体。这一制度起源于罗马法。在老龄化社会和经济危机中,欧洲国家通过这种交易方式实现以房养老的目的。在资金短缺的情况下,老人将房屋区分为两个更小的价值体,然后出售其中的空虚所有权,继续在原来的房屋中居住,而投资方能够以相对少的金额购买到一个空虚所有权。在我国既有的研究中,主要借鉴的是美国倒按揭制度,但是由于缺乏配套的金融环境,实践进展缓慢,并且在制度上对于所有权移转和房屋维护缺乏足够的保护;而空虚所有权交易以物权法为基础,民众可以通过意思自治实现以房养老的意愿,购买人也可以获得良好的投资机会。这一新的路径的研究有利于促进我国以房养老制度与物权法的结合。更多还原

【Abstract】 Transfer of the naked ownership restaining usufruct is a way of property allocation in continental legal system. Making use of the flexibility of ownership, the original owners can transfer the naked property to others, and still reserves the rights of enjoyment(usufructus) of things. Thus the ownership and usufruct can be distributed to different subjects.This system originated from the Roman law. In the aging society and in confront with the economic crisis, European countries utilize this mode to achieve the purpose of house-for-pension.In the absence of funds, the elderly divide the houses into two smaller values, sell the naked property and continue to live in the original houses; and investors can purchase a naked property by a relatively small amount. Existing research in China mainly draws lessons from U.S. reverse mortgage system, but owing to a lack of matching financial environment, the practice process is slow. The institutions lack adequate protection of ownership transfer and housing maintenance,and naked property transactions are based on the property law. People can achieve house-forpension through the autonomy of the will, and the purchasers also can obtain sound investment opportunities. The research of this new path is conducive to the advancement of the combination of house-for-pension system and property law in China.更多还原