【摘要】 为有效回收电解铝废阴极中的炭,本文首先利用扫描电镜及电子能谱仪得到了废阴极的表面形貌及其元素组成,然后通过单因素试验研究了样品粒径、矿浆浓度、充气量、浮选机主轴转速、刮板速度、加药前空搅时间、抑制剂投加量等因素对浮选效果的影响,然后以炭的回收率为评价指标,利用正交试验进一步优化了浮选条件。结果表明:废阴极平均含炭量为20.455%;样品粒径、矿浆浓度、充气量、浮选机主轴转速、刮板速度等因素对浮选效果影响较大;最佳浮选条件为粒径120~140目、矿浆浓度15%、主轴转速2200r/min、充气量0.25m~3/h、刮板速度20r/min,此浮选条件下炭回收率可达78.18%。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to effectively recover the carbon in the spent aluminum reduction pot lining,the scanning electron microscopy and electron spectrometer were used to obtain the surface morphology and elemental composition of spent pot lining. The effect of sample size,pulp density,aeration rate,the spindle speed of the flotation machine,the scraper speed,the stirring time before drug was added and the dosage of inhibitor on the flotation performance were studied by single factor experiment. The conditions of flotation were optimized by orthogonal experiment. The results of the experiment showed that the average carbon content of spent pot lining was 20. 455%. The five factors,such as particle size,pulp concentration,aeration rate,spindle speed of the flotation machine,scraper speed,etc. could have an effect on the flotation efficiency. The best flotation conditions were as follows: the sample size was 120~ 140 mesh,pulp density was 15%,spindle speed was 2200r/min,aeration rate was 0. 25m~3/h and the scraper speed was 20r/min. Under the optimal flotation conditions,the recovery rate was 78. 18%.更多还原