【摘要】 保护性耕作是我国一种重要的耕作模式,对于保障我国粮食安全以及促进农业可持续发展具有重要意义。为此,介绍了我国近几年机械化免耕播种面积、机械深松面积、机械化免耕覆盖播种面积及保护性耕作面积变化情况;结合保护性耕作工艺特点,对秸秆残茬处理、免少耕施肥播种、土壤深松和杂草病虫害防治等关键技术研究现状进行了分析,总结了现有的秸秆还田、免耕播种、深松机械和植保机械等相关配套机具的工作原理及作业特点,并对相关典型机具进行了介绍。最后,对于目前保护性耕作存在的问题提出了一些解决方案,为我国保护性耕作的研究及发展提供参考依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Conservation tillage technology,a kind of important cultivation mode in our country,is of great significance for the guarantee of food security and the promotion of sustainable agricultural development in China. Therefore,changes of planting area in mechanization of no- till seeding,mechanical subsoiling,no- till planting and conservation tillage in recent years were introduced in this paper. Combining with the characteristics of conservation tillage technology,the key technology research status such as straw residues management,zero or reduced tillage fertilizing and seeding,soil subsoiling and weed pest control were analyzed. Working principles and characteristics of current machinery and relevant supporting tools in straw counters- field,no- till seeding,subsoiling and plant protection were summarized and described in detail. Finally,several solutions were put forward for the present problems existing in conservation tillage in this paper,so as to provide a reference for the research and development of conservation tillage.更多还原