【摘要】 为了分析2种桁杆虾拖网(包括单杆虾拖网和双杆虾拖网)的结构特征、渔获组成及其对渔业资源的影响,2012-2015年于南海北部渔场进行了调查,运用相对重要性指数(IRI)评价渔获组成,统计副渔获物与虾类的产量比,计算主要经济种类的幼体比例。结果表明,单杆虾拖网与双杆虾拖网的桁杆结构存在较大的差异;单杆虾拖网副渔获与虾类的产量比平均为12.68±14.52;双杆虾拖网副渔获与虾类的产量比平均为1.79±1.02;2种虾拖网虾类优势种为刀额新对虾(Metapenaeus ensis)、周氏新对虾(M.joyneri)、日本囊对虾(Marsupenaeus japonicus)和近缘新对虾(M.affinis);鱼类优势种为褐斑三线舌鳎(Cynoglossus trigrammus)、多齿蛇鲻(Saurida tumbil)、少鳞(Sillago japonica)、丽叶鲹[Caranx(Atule)kalla]、黄斑篮子鱼(Siganus oramin)和六指马鲅(Thrissa dussumieri);蟹类优势种为红星梭子蟹(Portunus sanguinolentus)、三疣梭子蟹(P.trituberculatus)和远海梭子蟹(P.pelagicus);2种虾拖网渔获的幼体比例较高。文章还针对2种虾拖网作业对渔业资源产生的潜在影响进行了分析和探讨。更多还原

【Abstract】 We carried out an investigation during 2012-2015 to analyze the structural characteristics and catch composition of onebeam trawl and two-beam trawl in the fishing grounds of the northern South China Sea. The index of relative importance( IRI) was used to evaluate the catch composition. The ratio of by-catch to shrimp by mass and the percentage of un-matured fish were also calculated.The results indicate that major difference of structural characteristics existed between one-beam trawl and two-beam trawl. The average ratio of by-catch to shrimp by mass was 12. 68 ± 14. 52 and 1. 79 ± 1. 02 for one-beam trawl and two-beam trawl,respectively. For both shrimp beam trawls,the dominant target species were Metapenaeus ensis,M. joyneri,Marsupenaeus japonicus and M. affinis; the dominant by-catch species were Cynoglossus trigrammus, Saurida tumbil,Sillago japonica, Caranx( Atule) kalla, Siganus oramin,Thrissa dussumieri,Portunus sanguinolentus,P. trituberculatus and P. pelagicus. The percentages of un-matured fish were high for both shrimp beam trawls. Furthermore,the potential impact of shrimp beam trawl on fishery resources is discussed.更多还原