【摘要】 在《因"唯一者及其所有物"而论"基督教的本质"》一文中,费尔巴哈将自己称为"共产主义者",他的根据在于他承认每一个人只能占有人的全部本质的一个方面,而只有一切个人的总体才能占有人的全部本质。费尔巴哈的共产主义在本质上是小资产阶级的。承认每一个人只能占有人的一种特殊本质是对小资产阶级生产工具私人占有制的确认。在《德意志意识形态》中,马克思把握到"自动化体系",并且将"自动化体系"理解为"生产工具唯一全体"。"生产工具唯一全体"是人的全部本质的个体化表现,每一个人都可以通过"生产工具唯一全体"而直接占有人的任何特殊本质。马克思由此决定性地超越了费尔巴哈的小资产阶级视野。更多还原

【Abstract】 In "ber das Wesen des Christentums in Beziehung auf den Einzigen und sein Eigentum",Feurbach defines himself as a communist. His logic basis is that he admited that every individual could only possess one aspect of human’s essence and totality of all individuals can possess all aspects of human’s essence. Feurbach’s communism is essentially of petty bourgeoisie. Admitting that every individual could only possess one special aspect of human’s essence means acceptance of petty bourgeoisie’s private possession of means of production. In "German Ideology",Marx grasped "automatic system"and understanded it as "totality of instruments of production"."Totality of instruments of production"is individualization of all aspects of human’s essence. Every individual could possess any aspect of human’s essence by "totality of instruments of production"directly. Marx transcends Feurbach’s outlook of petty bourgeoisie decisively.更多还原