【摘要】 目的探讨各年龄段小儿惊厥常见病因及惊厥发作时视频脑电图特点,为临床诊断及治疗提供参考。方法选取2015年3月~2016年3月期间我院收治的407例惊厥患儿为研究对象,分析小儿惊厥常见原因,对其进行视频脑电图监测,比较脑电图监测时间与性别、年龄、发作持续时间、发作次数的关系。结果 407例惊厥患儿中,热性惊厥占37.10%,癫痫占29.73%,颅内感染占10.07%;不同年龄组小儿惊厥原因不同,其中新生儿期以缺血缺氧性脑病最多见,婴幼儿以高热惊厥最多见,年长儿以癫痫最多见。所有患儿均进行了发作间期视频脑电图监测,正常191例(48.48%),异常216例(51.60%),脑电图异常与惊厥发作持续时间、发作次数有密切关系,提示发作持续时间越长,发作越频繁,脑电图异常率越高,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。视频脑电图监测时长分别为0.5h(25.00%),1h(40.91%),2h(78.82%),12h(100%),监测时间越长,视频脑电图阳性率越高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);0.5h组与2h,12h组比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),1h组与2h,12h组间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),其余各组间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论新生儿惊厥以缺血缺氧性脑病多见,婴幼儿多发高热惊厥,年长儿则以癫痫为主;视频脑电图监测对小儿惊厥诊断具有重要意义,其中2h监测阳性率78.82%,患儿及家长依从性好,临床应用价值高。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the common causes and VEEG characteristics in infantile convulsions in each age group,and to provide reference for the diagnosis and treatment of infantile convulsions in clinical work.Methods Four hundred and seven cases of children with convulsion in our hospital during the period from March 2015 to March 2016 were selected as the study object.We analyzed the common causes and monitored VEEG in children with convulsions,then compared the relationship between VEEG monitoring time and gender,age,duration of onset,frequency of attack.Results In 407 cases of convulsions in children,seizures accounted for 37.10%,epilepsy accounted for 29.73%,intracranial infection accounted for 10.07%,among the newborn group,children with convulsions in the most common,infants and young children with febrile convulsions most common,the older children group with epilepsy up to see.All children underwent interictal VEEG monitoring,the normal range of 197 cases(48.48%),abnormal 210 cases(51.60%),VEEG abnormalities were closely related to the duration of attack,the frequency of attack and the monitoring time,the longer the duration of the attack,the more frequent the attack,the higher the abnormal rate of VEEG,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Video EEG monitoring was 0.5h(25%),1h(40.91%),2h(78.82%),12h(100%),the longer the monitoring time,the higher the positive rate of Video EEG,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);0.5h group and 2h,12 h group was statistically significant(P<0.05),1h group and 2h,12 h group difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),the difference was statistically significant,there was no significant difference between the other groups(P>0.05).Conclusion Neonatal seizures to ischemic encephalopathy are more common,infantile multiple febrile seizures,older children with epilepsy as the main.VEEG has important value in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of convulsion in children,the positive rate of2 h is 78.82%,the compliance of the children and their parents is good,and the clinical application value is high.更多还原