【摘要】 针对车辆行驶的交通流问题,兼顾现实中的多车道及车辆性能差异两个问题,在开放性边界的条件下,将基础的STCA模型进行改进,建立对称双车道大小车变道元胞自动机模型。文章核心在于变道规则的演化设计,根据逐步改进的变道规则,模型分为三种:模型一,大、小车都不允许变道;模型二,小车允许变道但同时不允许超车,大车不允许变道;模型三,小车既可以变道又可以超车,大车允许变道不允许超车。利用Matlab软件进行计算机仿真模拟,得到三种模型的时空斑图,图形结果显示:在保证安全性的前提下,车辆的变道、超车行为在改善交通状况的方面确实起到了很大的作用,堵塞相变少,同步流得到提升,道路利用率得到了提高,较STCA模型模拟的交通流更接近现实,也更具有指导意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the open boundary condition, by improving the basic SCTA model, paper established a cellular automaton of hybrid vehicle in symmetrical two-lane. The care of this paper is the evolutionary design of lane changing rules. According to the improved lane changing rules, the model is divided into three types. Model Ⅰ : lager and small vehicle are not allowed to change lanes. Model Ⅱ: the small cars are allowed to change lanes but not allowed to overtake; the large cars not allowed to change lanes. Model Ⅲ: the small cars are allowed to change lanes and to overtake; the large cars are allowed to change lanes but not allowed to overtake. Taking advantage of Matlab software to simulate, models obtain three types of space-time figure. On the premise of safety, the result display the behavior of changing-lane and overtaking in improving the traffic situation has indeed played a big role. It is shown that the congestion is less, the synchronous flow is improved, and the road utilization rate is promoted. This model is closer to reality and more instructive than STCA model.更多还原