【摘要】 运用文献资料法与逻辑分析法探讨民国初期我国体育时代性变迁及其成因,认为民初国人应人的自由和全面发展及体育自身发展的双重要求,按梁启超提出的"淬厉其所本有而新之,采补其所本无而新之"的理路,应培育共和国民之需和世界体育发展潮流之势,以民主和科学为价值理念,重新估定一切价值,重构民族传统体育;借鉴瑞典式体操改造中华传统武术以适应近代学校教育教学,使之能大众化传播;以近代社团理论为指导组建和管理中华传统武术研习团体;整理和改造我国其它民族传统体育项目,挖掘其健身与养生功能;规定男女同校,宣示男女同等享有体育权,以培养国民男女平等观念;学校体育按民主思想和科学精神取舍教学内容;批判选手制,要求体育普及化,体现均等的体育权;以民主思想和科学精神著书、办刊、立说研究和提倡体育,使读者接受和内化其中的思想意识等"寓民主和科学于中国体育"的改造。视民主和科学为中国体育的思想根基和行为准则造就了中国体育的第二次启蒙,对后世中国体育发展产生了深远的影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper aims to explore the epochal changes in sport and the causes of these changes in the early period of the Republic of China. This period saw all values reevaluated and traditional Chinese sport restructured in the spirit of democracy and science,in answer to the call for the free and rounded development of man and that for the development of sport itself,by upholding and reforming what China sport had and making up for what it was lacking in,and to meet the demands for the education of the people and comply with the trend of international sport development. In order to suit modern physical education and to spread among common people,traditional wushu underwent reform by learning from Swedish gymnastics. Social wushu organizations were founded and managed under the guidance of modern theory on social organizations. Efforts were made to dig into the exercising and life-nourishing functions of wushu and other traditional sports.Mixed-sex education,whereby boys and girls enjoyed equal rights to sport,was imposed to cultivate people’s awareness of gender equality. Democraticness and scientificness played a decisive role in the selection of content knowledge. Sport elitism was condemned in favor of mass sport,an indication of equalized rights to sport. Scientific research was widely conducted to study and advocate sport,disseminating to the readers the idea of "imbedding science and democracy in Chinese sport". In the early years of the Republic of China,democracy and science were regarded as the foundation of thought and rules of conduct of modern Chinese sport,giving rise to a second enlightenment to Chinese sport,and were to produce a farreaching effect on its later development.更多还原