【摘要】 杜甫151首七律在题材内容和诗艺方面为七律的发展提供了方向。其题材内容体制是:冲破宫廷文学的藩篱,反映广阔的社会生活和真实的内心体验,包括忧国之思、恤民之情、漂泊之叹、田园之趣、交游酬赠以及少量的宫廷篇什。其诗艺体制一是风格:沉郁顿挫、慷慨悲壮、老成稳健、萧散自然;二是章法:主要有钩锁连环式、起承转合式(含两种情况:其一,四联依次为起承转合;其二,首联起,颔联颈联承,第七句转,第八句合),联章组诗章法有无序式、有序式;三是起法与结法:工于发端,高格响调而入;结法以收束本题为主;四是属对:自然天成、特殊对仗俱臻妙境、时空并驭、踵事增华;五是句法:句式错综、词语省略(省略介词、无谓语句、紧缩句、互文句)、词序倒置(宾语的主语部分提到谓语前面、状语移到动词后面、主谓倒置);六是字法:状物精准、常字生辉、深化情感。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the field of subject content and poetic art,Du Fu’s 151 eight-line poems provide direction for the development of eight-line poem. His subject content includes concerning about country and its people,wandering life,joys of countryside,making friends and palace life,showing colorful social life and real inner experience. The system of his poetic art has six aspects,namely,style,art of composition,start and end,antithesis,syntax,and diction.更多还原