【摘要】 以2015年北方稻区国家水稻品种试验为例,分析了黄淮粳稻、京津唐粳稻、中早粳晚熟、中早粳中熟、中早粳早熟5种类型的产量、产量构成因素、主要品质性状及其相互关系。结果表明:中早粳晚熟产量最高,显著高于黄淮粳稻和中早粳早熟,5种类型产量平均值达到了10.15 t/hm~2;产量与每穗粒数均表现为正相关,总体和中早粳晚熟达到极显著水平,产量与其他产量构成因素均未达到显著相关水平;5种类型糙米率平均值为83.59%、整精米率平均值为64.81%,直链淀粉含量基本在15%~16%,垩白度的平均值为4.44%、垩白粒率平均值为22.55%,主要品质指标都超过国标三级优质粳稻标准;籽粒长宽比与加工和外观品质的相关性均未达到显著水平,而外观品质与加工品质大多表现为显著或极显著的负相关。产量本身与主要品质性状关系并不密切,增加穗数、降低每穗粒数和千粒重有利于改善加工和外观品质。更多还原

【Abstract】 We took the north national rice variety trials in 2015, for example, to carry out the Huang-Huai japonica group,Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei japonica group, late-maturity mid-early japonica group, medium maturity mid-early japonica group and early-maturity mid-early japonica group five types of yield and its components, the main quality traits, and study the relationship. The results showed that the highest yield was late-maturity mid-early japonica group and significantly higher than Huang-Huai japonica group and early-maturity mid-early japonica group,The average yield of these 5 type reached 10.15 t/hm~2.Correlative analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between yield and grain number per panicle, and the late-maturity mid-early japonica group reached to very significant level, yield was no significant correlation with other yield components.The average of 5 types brown rice rate and head rice rate was 83.59%and 64.81%,the content of Amylose was between 15%-16%,chalky rice rate and chalkiness degree was 22.55% and4.44%,the most quality indexes better than the standard of japonica rice national level 3 quality. There was no significant correlation between length-width ratio and the quality of processing and appearance, significant negative correlation between processing quality and appearance quality. No closely relationship between yield and main quality characters, Increased panicles, decreased grains per spike and 1000-grain weight can improve the processing and appearance quality.更多还原