【摘要】 2,4,6-三硝基间苯二酚铅（LTNR）的主要缺点是静电感度过高以及含铅对人体、环境造成危害。为了寻找LTNR的替代物,采用两步法合成了4,6-二硝基-7-氧-苯并氧化呋咱钾一水合物（KDNP·H₂O）。利用溶剂蒸发法获得了该化合物的单晶。利用元素分析、红外光谱法、核磁共振氢/碳谱法和单晶X-衍射对其结构进行了表征。按国军标GJB-5891测试了其感度,计算了爆热。根据Kamlet-Jacobs方程计算了该化合物的爆轰参数。结果表明,该晶体为三斜晶系,空间群为P-1,有一个结晶水。该起爆药撞击感度为21.3 cm,静电感度为0.69 J,摩擦感度为56%,火焰感度为为24.7 cm,爆热为3.50 kJ·kg^-1,爆速为6.77 km·s^-1、爆压为21.25 GPa,显示KDNP·H₂O是一种无铅安全环保的起爆药。更多还原

【Abstract】 The main disadvantages of lead 2,4,6-trinitroresorecinate（LTNR） are too high electrostatic sensitivity and the harm to the human body and the environment caused by lead.In search of a replacement for LTNR,potassium 4,6-dinitro-7-oxygen-benzofuroxan monohydrate（KDNP·H₂O） was synthesized by two-step method.The single crystal of the compoud was obtained by solvent evaporation method.Its structure was chracterized by elemental analysis,IR spectroscopy,¹H NMR/¹³C NMR spectroscopy and X-ray single-crystal diffraction.Its sensitivities were measured according to the Chinese military standard test method GJB-5891.The heat of detonation was calculated.The detonation parameters of the compoud were calculated by Kamlet-Jacobs equations.Results show that the crystal is triclinic,space group P-1 with one crystal water.For this primary explosives,the impact sensitivity（H50） is 21.3 cm,the electrostatic sensitivity（E50） is 0.69 J,the friction sensitivity is 56%,the flame sensitivity is 24.7 cm,the heat of detonation is 3.50 kJ·g^-1,the detonation velocity is 6.77 km·s^-1 and detonation pressure is 21.25 GPa,revealing that KDNP·H₂O is a primary explosives with lead-free,safe and environmental protection.更多还原