Due to limitations in the size and computational power of miniature embedded systems,it is often difficult to achieve real-time and accurate reconciliation when testing vital signs. To solve this problem,we propose an ECG signal filtering algorithm based on a second-order differential equation and the affine transformation theory( ATSDEF). We compared the filtering performance of our proposed algorithm with that of the particle filter method and the results confirm the ATSDEF to be more effective. Lastly,we...