【摘要】 以基尼系数为参照,将Zenga指数纳入到能源消费差异性与公平性分析工具体系中,尝试采用非参数估计方法对109个国家1971~2014年间电力消费的差异程度及其变化过程进行度量。实证结果显示:(1)国家间电力消费的不平衡性较为严重,但经过长时间的波动后差异程度有所下降,这表明未来针对气候变化这一环境治理的国际合作可能会进一步加强;(2)考虑人口规模加权的电力消费差异程度要低于不考虑人口数量加权的非参数估计值,这表明在设计国际环境治理制度或者联合行动框架时需要考虑一国的人口因素。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the Gene coefficient as a reference,this study attempts to use quantitative analysis tools proposed by Zenga to estimate the degree of energy consumption difference and changing process among the 109 countries from 1971~2014by nonparametric methods.The empirical results show that:(1)the state power consumption imbalance is seriously,but it has declined after a long period of fluctuation,which indicates that international cooperation on climate change may be further strengthened;(2)the parameter estimation of electricity consumption inequality considering population weights is lower than not taking population weights into account,which indicates that the population of a country should be taken into consideration while designing international environmental governance system and the framework of joint actions.更多还原