【摘要】 为了深入研究巴彦淖尔市冰雹云形成的宏微观条件,利用三维冰雹云模式对该地区的一次冰雹天气进行了数值模拟,并探讨了三维冰雹云模式的适用性。结果表明:模式能够模拟出冰雹云发生、发展、成熟、消散的过程,最大上升气流以及降雹量的特征,表明此次冰雹云具有连续发展的态势。模式中固态水成物粒子对降水的形成有重要作用,模拟出的最大冰雹直径为4.362mm。分析冰雹云的流场结构、总水成物场的分布与演变发现,较强的辐合上升气流为冰雹云的发展提供了动力条件,有利的总水成物分布为冰雹云提供了水汽条件。针对冰雹粒子的微物理过程,此次巴彦淖尔市冰雹粒子以霰粒子的自动转化(CNgh)增长为主,冰雹碰并雪增长(CLsh)为辅,适量的冰晶及丰富的过冷水的存在,对此次冰雹云的形成和增长极为有利。三维冰雹云模式的应用,能够判断是否有冰雹发生,以及冰雹的起止时间,为巴彦淖尔市冰雹的预报提供了帮助。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to study the macroscopic and microcosmic conditions of hail cloud in Bayannaoer,we used3 D hail cloud model to simulate the hail weather in this region,and discussed the applicability of 3D hail cloud model. The results show that the model can simulate the process of hail cloud’s occurrence,development,maturity,dissipation,maximum updraft and characteristics of hail fall,which suggests that the hail cloud had the situation of continuous development. Solid water particles in the model played an important role in the formation of precipitation,and the maximum hail diameter was 4. 362 mm. From the flow field of the hail cloud,distribution and evolution of the total hydrometeors,we found that strong convergence and updraft provided dynamic conditions and favorable distribution of water content provided the source of water vapor for the hail cloud. For the micro physical process of hail particles,hail particles in Bayannaoer mainly grew by automatic conversion of graupel grow( CNgh),followed by hail collision snow and grow( CLsh); the amount of ice crystals and the existence of a wealth of cold water were very favorable to the formation and growth of the hails. The application of 3D hail cloud model can determine whether the hail occurred,the start time and the end time,and provide help for the hail prediction in Bayannaoer.更多还原