【摘要】 为了优化元谋干热河谷膜下滴灌灌溉制度,通过大田灌溉试验,定位监测不同灌溉方式下甜玉米0～60 cm土层土壤水分分布,并分析了水分生产率的变化。结果表明,整个生育期内,单次灌水量378.45 m~3/hm~2+灌水周期5 d的灌溉处理下,20～60 cm土层土壤水分超过土壤田间持水率,0～40 cm土层土壤水分变化幅度较大,40～60 cm土层土壤含水率基本保持稳定,玉米产量最高,但是水分生产率最低。单次灌水量378.45 m~3/hm~2+灌水周期10 d的灌溉处理下,0～50 cm土层土壤含水率均低于土壤田间持水率,0～60 cm土层土壤水分变化幅度较大,比当地传统灌溉节水45.58%,产量没有显著差异,水分生产率最高。单次灌水量216.75 m~3/hm~2+灌水周期5 d的灌溉处理下,0～60 cm土层土壤水分均低于田间持水率,且变化幅度较大,水分生产率较低。当地甜玉米适宜灌水量为378.45m~3/hm~2,灌水周期为10 d。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to optimize irrigation schedule of under-film drip irrigation in dry-hot valley,soil moisture was monitored continuously at the same location in 0～60 cm soil layer during the whole corn growth period,and water use efficiency was analyzed.The results showed that when the irrigation once amount was 378.45 m~3/hm~2 and irrigation period was 5 days,soil water content was higher than the field capacity in 20～60 cm soil layer in the whole corn growth,amplitude variation of soil moisture was large after corn jointing stage in 0～40 cm soil layer,amplitude variation of soil moisture was not obvious after corn jointing stage in 40～60 cm soil layer,corn yield was the most,and water use efficiency was the lowest among three irrigation patterns.When the irrigation once amount was 378.45 m~3/hm~2 and irrigation period was 10 days,soil water content was higher than the field capacity only in 60 cm soil layer in the whole corn growth,amplitude variation of soil moisture was large after corn jointing stage in 0～60 cm soil layer,and water use efficiency was the highest among three irrigation patterns.Under the same irrigation amount,corn yield was not significant between irrigation periods of 10 days and 5 days.When the irrigation once amount was 216.75 m~3/hm~2 and irrigation period was 5 days,soil water content was lower than the field capacity only in 0～60 cm soil layer in the whole corn growth,amplitude variation of soil moisture was large after corn jointing stage in 0～60 cm soil layer,and water use efficiency was lower than under irrigation once amount of 378.45 m~3/hm~2 and irrigation period of 5 days.Under the same irrigation frequency,corn yield was not significant between 216.75 m~3/hm~2 and 378.45 m~3/hm~2 of the irrigation once amount.It is suggested that irrigation once amount of 378.45 m~3/hm~2 and frequency of 10 days be appropriate drip irrigation mode for the local corn field under no rain condition.更多还原