【摘要】 以6个玉米F1代杂交组合(DF-1×DF-2,DF-1×DF-3,DF-1×DF-4,DF-2×DF-3,DF-2×DF-4,DF-3×DF-4)为材料,研究了密度、组合方式和农艺性状对玉米F1代杂交组合成熟期茎秆倒伏率的影响。结果表明密度和茎秆倒伏率之间存在极显著的正相关关系,相关系数为0.25;随着种植密度的增大,6个F1代杂交组合中4个组合茎秆倒伏率显著的增加,而2个组合茎秆倒伏率增加不显著;组合方式对玉米茎秆倒伏具有显著的影响,自交系DF-1组配的3个F1代杂交组合茎秆倒伏率居于前3位,105 000株/公顷密度时DF-1×DF-3和DF-1×DF-4的茎秆倒伏率分别为94.64%和62.80%,这表明自交系DF-1可能含有致F1代杂交组合茎秆倒伏的基因;茎秆倒伏率与株高、穗位高和穗上节间数之间经相关分析达到极显著水平,与茎粗之间经相关分析达到显著水平,而与穗下节间数、穗叶宽、穗上叶宽和穗下叶宽之间的相关性未达到显著水平。研究认为,自交系DF-1可能含有致F1代杂交组合茎秆倒伏的基因,可用于抗茎倒基因定位及基因挖掘研究;随着种植密度的增大,2个杂交组合茎秆倒伏率增加不显著,这表明通过高密度筛选获得抗倒耐密的F1代杂交组合是完全可行的。更多还原

【Abstract】 The effects of density, cross combination and agronomic characters on the stem lodging rate at mature stage of maize were studied, using six F₁ hybrid combinations（DF-1×DF-2, DF-1×DF-3, DF-1×DF-4, DF-2×DF-3,DF-2×DF-4, DF-3×DF-4） as the materials. The results showed that there were extremely significant positive correlation between density and stem lodging rate and the correlation coefficient was 0.25. With the increase of plant density, the stem lodging rates of four combinations were raised significantly and the stem lodging rates of two combinations were no significant change in six F₁ hybrid combinations. Meanwhile, the stem lodging was influenced significantly by different combination types and the stem lodging rates of three combinations, whichwere formed by DF-1, ranked top three. While the density was 105 000 plants/hm2, the stem lodging rates of DF-1×DF-3 and DF-1×DF-4 were 94.64% and 62.80%, respectively. Therefore, the inbred line DF-1 might contain genes, which caused the stem lodging of F₁ hybrid combinations. The stem lodging rate was extremely significant correlation with the plant height, ear height and internode number above ear, was significant correlation with stem diameter, and was no significant correlation with the internode number below ear and three-ear-leaves（ear-leaf, leaf above ear, leaf below ear） breadth. In conclusion, the inbred line DF-1 might contain genes, which caused the stem lodging of F₁ hybrid combinations and could be used in gene mapping and cloning of stem lodging resistance. With the increase of plant density, the stem lodging rates of two combinations were no significant change in six F₁ hybrid combinations, which showed it was feasible that F₁ hybrid combinations containing density and lodging tolerance were obtained by screening in high density condition.更多还原