【摘要】 育性是水稻的关键农艺性状,其发生机理和遗传基础是发育生物学的研究热点。不育可分为雄性不育和雌性不育。雌性不育由于性状难鉴定、突变体难获得及内部机制复杂等原因,其研究远远滞后于雄性不育。近年来,由于水稻雌性不育突变体的不断发现及分子生物学研究手段的快速进步,一批控制水稻雌性不育的基因相继被定位和克隆,为揭示水稻雌性不育发生机理奠定了基础。本文综述了近二十年来水稻雌性不育分子遗传机理的有关研究进展,主要包括杂种不育基因,影响胚珠发育、细胞分裂和花器官发育的基因,以及转录组等方面的研究,以期加深对水稻雌性不育的认识,促进对水稻雌性不育的探索和利用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Fertility is the key agronomic trait of rice, of which the developmental mechanism and genetic basis are the research hotspot of developmental biology. Infertility can be divided into male sterility and female sterility.Due to the difficulty of identifying and phenotyping of female sterile mutants and the complexity of mechanism,research on female sterility is far behind that on male sterility. In recent years, due to the continuous discovery of female sterile mutants and fast progress of molecular biology methods, a set of female sterility genes of rice have been mapped and cloned, laying the foundation for revealing the mechanism of rice female sterility. In this paper,advances in research on the molecular genetics of female fertility in rice during past two decades are reviewed,mainly including the studies of genes related to hybrid sterility, ovule development, cell division and floral organ development, and transcriptome analysis, aiming to deepen the understanding of the female sterility of rice, and promote the further exploration and utilization of female sterility in rice.更多还原