【摘要】 基于"线性市场"与线性运输成本的Hotelling模型,研究两条由单生产商单零售商组成的供应链的选址与定价竞争,建立了两条供应链均为集中式供应链(II模式)、均为分散式供应链(DD模式)、一条为分散式供应链一条为集中式供应链(DI模式)的竞争均衡模型,给出了均衡解的存在条件和均衡解.研究表明:DD模式下两条供应链的定价与利润比DI模式高,而DI模式又比II模式高,所以供应链集中式决策不是利润最大化目标下的占优策略;两条供应链的成本之差影响到双方利润,低成本供应链具有竞争优势.最后,对3种模式进行了数值仿真,参照结果提出了管理建议.更多还原

【Abstract】 The competition of location and pricing of two supply chains( SCs) is studied by using Hotelling model with linear market and linear cost function. Each SC consists of one manufacture and one retailer. The competitive equilibrium models are built respectively when two SCs are centralized SCs( II mode),decentralized SCs( DD mode),or one decentralized SC and one centralized SC( DI mode). The existence conditions of equilibrium and the equilibrium solutions are obtained. The research results show that the product prices and profits of two SCs in DI mode are lower than those in DD mode,but are more than those in II mode. So,the centralized decision mode is not the dominant strategy for profit-maximization. The difference between two SCs will affect the profits of two SCs,and SC with lower cost has competitive advantage. Finally,a numerical simulation is put forward together with some management suggestions.更多还原