【摘要】 黑炭是生物质和化石燃料不完全燃烧形成的富含C的固体有机材料,广泛存在于环境中,具有长期存储C的潜力,在全球C循环中具有重要作用,并且被作为减缓气候变化的重要策略。然而,当前我们有关黑炭分解及其激发效应机制的知识是有限的。因此,需要全面深入了解影响黑炭分解的控制因素及其激发效应的可能机制。本文首先对黑炭分解研究进行综合分析,详细评述了气候/培养条件,土壤特征、黑炭性质以及干扰因素对黑炭分解的影响及其机理。其次,介绍了黑炭激发效应的测定方法,重点综述了黑炭激发效应大小与方向的影响因素及其可能机制。最后,指出了黑炭分解及其激发效应研究的不足,并提出了未来研究需要关注的问题和方向,以期为将黑炭融入到土壤有机质和生态系统模型提供借鉴。更多还原

【Abstract】 Biochar is a continuum of C-rich solid organic material produced by incomplete combustion of biomass and fossil fuel consumption. Biochar is ubiquitous in the environment,and application of biochar to soil has the potential to enhance long-term sequestration of carbon. Biochar plays an important role in global C cycles and considered as a strategy to mitigate global change. However,knowledge of biochar decomposition and the mechanisms responsible for biochar induced priming effect remains limited. It is necessarily therefore to research on factors controlling biochar decomposition and the possible mechanisms for priming effect. Thus,the aim of this study is to review the decomposition of biochar and priming effect. This review includes decomposition of biochar,the effects of climate/incubation,soil characteristics,biochar properties,and disturbances on biochar decomposition. Methods used to measure the priming effect induced by biochar,direction and magnitude of the biochar priming effects and the possible mechanisms for biochar induced priming effect were summarized. Lack of current studies on biochar decomposition and priming effect,and perspectives for incorporating the biochar into soil organic matter and ecosystem models were also discussed.更多还原