【摘要】 通过探究冰草属（Agropyron）植物的主要农艺性状间的关系,选育出优良冰草（A.cristatum）种质资源为提高小麦（Triticum aestivum）远缘杂交育种效率提供理论依据。本研究以蒙古冰草（A.mongolicum）（母本）和二倍体冰草（父本）进行杂交获得的F₁代群体为材料,对该群体116个单株的9个主要农艺性状进行了调查分析。结果表明,116个单株在所有农艺性状上均表现出明显的遗传变异（11.2%⁴0.13%）,小穗粒数、穗粒数的变异系数最大,分别为30.56%、40.13%;相关及通径分析表明,对其重要性状之一千粒重影响最大的是每小穗小花数（r=0.168,P<0.05）,直接通径系数为0.364,其余性状依次为穗长（r=0.235,P<0.05）、小穗粒数（r=0.126）;聚类分析在欧氏距离为6.50处将群体材料分成三大类群,其中第1类和第3类冰草材料都具有高秆、多枝叶的特点,可用于选育优质牧草,第1类冰草材料具有多小花多穗粒等优良性状,可成为饲草和小麦遗传育种的优良种质资源。更多还原

【Abstract】 To explore the relationship among nine agronomical characteristics of Agropyron.and provide the theoretical basis for improving the efficiency of wheat breeding,the F₁ generation of the cross between Agropyron mongolicum（female parent）and the diploid A.cristatum（male parent）was analysed.The nine agronomic characteristics of 116F₁ plants was analysed using different methods of data analysis.The results showed that all characteristics exhibited significant genetic variation（11.2%⁴0.13%）.The variation in grains per spikelet and grains per spike were the greatest,with a value of 30.56% and 40.13% respectively.Correlation and path analysis showed that florets per spikelet had a significant effect on thousand kernel weight with an r value of 0.168（P<0.05）and a direct path coefficient of 0.364.This was followed by spike length（r= 0.235,P<0.05）and kernels per spikelet（r=0.126）.The 116 plants of the AgropyronF₁ population were clustered into three groups.The first and third group had greater plant height and more foliage.As such,these groups could represent varieties with high-quality forage grass for breeding.The first and third group had numerous positive characteristics,including more florets per spikelet,more spike grains,among others,which represent good germplasm resources for forage grass and wheat breeding.更多还原