【摘要】 在拓展Grossman与Krueger分析框架的基础上,细致阐释了外商投资影响环境效率的机制,并运用联立方程模型和面板门槛技术,从数量与质量两个角度实证考察FDI影响环境效率的机理和效果,结果表明:(1)FDI数量通过产业结构途径阻碍了环境效率的提高,但FDI数量与FDI质量均能通过环境技术渠道改善环境绩效;(2)FDI数量因其给环境质量带来了负面影响而引致本地环境监管的强化,而FDI质量作为各地政府竞相争夺的"潜在"资源,倾向于弱化本地的环境监管;(3)外资质量与外资规模对环境效率的作用均表现为基于环境监管强度的双重门槛特征。当环境监管强度较低与较高时,FDI数量与质量对环境效率的影响表现为负面或不显著;当环境监管强度处于合理水平时,FDI数量对环境效率的负面效应减弱,FDI质量对环境效率有正面的影响。因此,政府在制定合理的环境监管、提高外资企业环境准入门槛、鼓励环保型外资企业进入等方面的协同努力,对促进FDI正向的环境效应,实现可持续发展至关重要。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the extended Grossman and Krueger’s classical framework,this paper explains the mechanisms of FDI affecting environmental efficiency,and employ simultaneous equations model and panel threshold regression model to test the mechanism and effect of FDI on environmental efficiency. The results show that:( 1) The quantity of foreign investment obstructs the improvement of environmental efficiency through the industrial structure channel,but the quantity and quality of FDI can improve the environmental performance through the environmental technology channel;( 2) The quantity of FDI will lead to strengthening of local environmental regulation because of its environmental pressure,while the quality of FDI,as a"potential"resource that local governments scramble for,tends to weaken the local environmental regulation;( 3) There is a significant double threshold effect in the aspect of the effect of FDI’s scale and FDI’s quality on environmental efficiency.When the intensity of environmental regulation is too low or too high,the effect of FDI’s scale and FDI’s quality on environmental efficiency is negative or not significant. When the intensity of environmental regulation is moderate,the negative effect of FDI’s scale on environmental efficiency becomes weaker. FDI’s quality has a positive effect on environmental efficiency.The above conclusions are still robust after taking into account different measures and estimation methods. Therefore,it is very important for the government to formulate reasonable environmental regulation,improve the environmental access threshold of foreign-funded enterprises and encourage the environment-friendly foreign-funded enterprises to promote the positive effect of FDI on environmental efficiency and realize the sustainable development.更多还原