【摘要】 本文采用水热处理、漂白、均质处理等工艺从杂交狼尾草原料中提取出纳米纤维素,并用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)、傅立叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)、X射线衍射仪和热重分析仪对纳米纤维素的形貌、成分组成、结晶性和热学性质进行分析。结果表明,TEM和FE-SEM观察所制备纳米纤维素纤维是由直径为几纳米的微元纤维相互缠绕联结组成的三维网状结构。红外光谱分析表明水热处理和漂白处理可除去部分半纤维素和全部木质素,热重分析表明水热处理和漂白处理使热性能提高,均质后的纳米纤维素耐热性有所降低,结晶性随水热处理和漂白处理有所提高,纳米化后结晶度变小。更多还原

【Abstract】 Cellulose Nanofibrils were extracted from hybrid pennisetum( pennisetum americanum × P. purpureum) by Hot-compressed water processing,bleaching,and homogenization processing. The characterization of the fibrils by SEM and FE-TEM showed that the structure of the nanofibrils extracted from Hybrid Pennisetum was 3D network,formed by intertwining of nanofibrils,several nanometers in diameter. FTIR analysis showed that the chemical composition of the nanofibrils was mainly cellulose because hemicelluloses and lignin were significantly removed by hot-compressing treatment and bleaching. The crystallinity and thermal stability of the fibrils were examined by XRD and TGA,and the results showed that thermal stability decreased after the cellulose nanofibrils homogenized,and the crystallinity improved when the nanofibrils were hot-compressed water treated and bleached.更多还原