【摘要】 以BJO-0930酚醛树脂空心微球为原料,通过酸洗、预氧化、碳化三步工艺,成功制备球形度好、强度高的碳空心微球,并与热固性酚醛树脂复合,热压成型得到轻质酚醛树脂/空心微球复合材料。系统考察了碳化温度、循环酸洗、预氧化等对碳空心微球强度的影响。复合材料的力学性能和隔热性能分别通过压缩性能以及热导率测试进行表征。结果表明:直接碳化得到的碳空心微球破球率高、强度低;通过循环酸洗可以有效去除树脂球的灰分,破球率由28.07%降低至18.03%;进一步预氧化处理可以显著提高碳空心微球的强度,其破球率和等静压破球率分别为10.03%和17.34%;制备得到的酚醛树脂/碳空心微球复合材料具有优异的隔热性能和力学性能,热导率降低至0.115 W·m^-1·K^-1,压缩强度为46.02MPa。更多还原

【Abstract】 Hollow carbon microspheres （HCMs） with low broken particle ratio and high strength were prepared by carbonization of hollow phenolic microspheres （HPMs,BJO-0930） through different pretreatments,and the obtained HCMs could be further served as low-density filler for phenolic-resin based composites.Process conditions including carbonization temperature,acid washing and oxidation process were studied to improve the mechanical strength of HCMs.Mechanical and thermal insulation properties of the composites were characterized by compression test and thermal conductivity measurement,respectively.It was found that HCMs obtained by direct carbonization had a very high broken particle ratio and low strength.Pretreatment by acid washing could effectively remove the ash from HPMs,and thus decreased the broken particle ratio from 28.07% to 18.03%.Further oxidation treatment could improve the thermal stability of the resin,resulting in the formation of high-performance HCMs,with a low broken particle ratio of 10.03% and low isostatic pressing broken particle ratio of 17.34%.When these treated HCMs being served as fillers,the composites showed a lower density but significantly improved mechanical and thermal insulation properties compared to un-treated HCMs.Thermal conductivity reduced to 0.115 W·m^-1·K^-1,and compressive stress improved to 46.02 MPa.更多还原