【摘要】 以硝酸锂-二甲基乙酰胺（LiNO₃-DMA）有机电解液体系为基础,向电解液体系添加溶剂二甲基亚砜（DMSO）,研究分析了混合溶剂电解液的物化性质、恒流充放电及反应机理。DMSO的添加可以使锂负极形成稳定的固体电解质相界面（SEI）膜,有效增强了LiNO₃-DMA与锂的化学兼容性,降低了极化阻抗,因此循环性能有所提高。截止比容量为1 000mAh/gcarbon、电流密度为0.2mA/cm²时可稳定循环40周。SEM及XRD分析表明,LiNO₃-DMA和LiNO₃-DMA/DMSO放电均生成可循环产物Li₂O₂,但DMSO中的疏水性甲基抑制了LiNO₃-DMA中副产物LiOH的生成。此外,LiNO₃-DMA循环过程中生成了含硫化合物,这是导致放电终止的重要原因。更多还原

【Abstract】 Lithium nitrate（LiNO₃）in the solvent N,N-dimethyl acetamide（DMA）was regarded as a base,by adding thereto solvent dimethyl sulfoxide（DMSO）,chemical and physical properties of complexing solvent,charging profile and reaction mechanism were investigated.Electrolyte with DMSO added in LiNO₃-DMA is capable of forming aprotective solid-electrolyte interphase（SEI）on Li anode,which effectively enhances the chemical compatibility and reduces the polarization resistance of LiNO₃-DMA so that the charging profile has been improved.The Li-air cell stably cycled 40 times with capacity limited to 1 000mAh/gcarbonat current density of 0.2mA/cm².SEM and XRD identified the discharge products of both LiNO₃-DMA and LiNO₃-DMA/DMSO are Li₂O₂,but hydrophobic methacrylic in DMSO inhibits formation of by-product LiOH.In addition,during LiNO₃-DMA cycling S-containing compound can be generated which contributes much to discharge termination.更多还原