【摘要】 采用文献资料法、数理统计法等研究方法,以2013年世界田径锦标赛冠亚军Blot、Justin Gatlin的百米全程分段数据及与在世锦赛跑进前10s的5名选手进行对比的数据为研究重点,从中探索现代百米战术突破点。结果表明:Blot、Justin Gatlin在100m决赛中,Justin Gatlin的起跑及加速跑的步频"从快到慢,从慢到快"的探索性调整;在途中跑阶段,其步频与5名运动员的平均步频相同;Blot的起跑在整场所有运动员中滞后,但他没有极力地去追赶,而是做出调整,与整场步频保持相同的速度,且与5名运动员的平均步频保持在+0.15s的幅度。Blot、Justin Gatlin在几秒的百米竞赛过程中,不断变化着自身的步频,即使处于不利地位也不奋力追赶,只为寻求与整场步频同步的战术,节约体力,只为最后一搏。由此猜想Blot、Justin Gatlin在百米竞赛中运用同步耦合的效应,从而大大提高运动员体能的输出效率,利用最小的消耗,获得胜利。更多还原

【Abstract】 By using the methods of literature review,mathematical statistics and others,this paper makes analysis on the 100 meters whole interval data of Blot,Justin Gatlin,first and second place winners in World Athletics Championships in 2013,as well as the data of those top 5runners within 10 s,in order to explore the key point of modern 100 meters tactics.The result shows that in the 100 meters final match,the starting and the accelerated step frequencies of Justin Gatlin are exploratory adjustment "from fast to slow,and from slow to fast";in way run stage,his average step frequencies are the same with those of other five athletes.The starting of Blot lags behind throughout the whole running process.However,he did not deliberately catch up but made adjustment and kept the same step frequency,while keeping a+0.15 sstep frequency with other five athletes on average.In such a 100-meter competition lasting for just seconds,Blot and Justin Gatlin are constantly changing their own step frequencies,and do not seek to catch up even if they are at a disadvantage.Rather,they employ tactics to synchronize their step frequencies with the whole process,so as to save energy and leave to the final sprint.It is suggested that Blot and Justin Gatlin has won the match by using synchronization of coupled effects in 100 meters which can greatly improve energy efficiency and minimize energy consumption.更多还原