【摘要】 目的:探讨吉林省眼部不适症状人群中干眼患者的临床表现及分布特点,分析干眼患者的相关危险因素及与患病严重程度的关系。方法:2014年7月—2015年8月随机选择吉林省不同地区的三甲或二甲医院作为筛查基地,选择经宣传后主动来院进行眼科检查者1 173人,采用问卷调查的方式收集干眼主观症状,检查泪膜破裂时间(BUT)、角膜荧光素染色情况、睑板腺功能状态和泪液分泌量,分析不同临床特征干眼患者的干眼检出率和危险因素。结果:实际受检者1 122人,确诊为干眼患者896例,干眼检出率为79.8%。女性干眼检出率高于男性(χ2=4.070,P<0.05),不同年龄干眼检出率比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=107.33,P<0.05);多因素分析,年龄40岁以上(40~49岁,OR=6.313,95%CI:3.498~11.393;50~59岁,OR=6.919,95%CI:3.876~12.351;60~69岁,OR=5.175,95%CI:2.650~10.104;70岁及以上,OR=9.508,95%CI:3.608~25.061)、睑板腺功能障碍(MGD)分级为中度(OR=2.123,95%CI:1.186~3.803)、患有类风湿性关节炎(OR=2.186,95%CI:1.098~4.353)和眼部手术史(OR=3.692,95%CI:1.204~11.323)是干眼的危险因素,而职业为农民(OR=0.351,95%CI:0.135~0.917)为干眼的保护因素。结论:年龄、职业、MGD分级、类风湿性关节炎和眼部手术史在一定程度上影响干眼的发生,应引起足够的重视并给予相应的健康指导,以期减少干眼的发生。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To investigate the clinical manifestations and distribution characteristics of dry eye patients with ocular discomfort symptoms in Jilin Province,and to analyze the relationship between the risk factors associated with dry eye and its severity.Methods:The secondary or tertiary hospitals in Jilin Province were randomly selected and used as screening bases from July 2014 to August 2015.1 173 people initiative to the hospital for eye examinations after publicity were selected.Questionnaire was used to collect the subjective symptoms of dry eye.The breakup time(BUT)of tear film,corneal fluorescein staining,meibomian gland and tear secretion were examined and the detection rate and risk factors of dry eye of the dry eye patients with different clinical characteristics were analyzed.Results:A total of 1 122 people was actually surveyed,896 individuals were diagnosed as dry eye,and the prevalence rate was 79.8%.The prevalence rate of the females was higher than of the males(χ2=4.070,P<0.05).The prevalence of dry eye between different ages was statistically significant(χ2=61.547,P<0.05).The multivariate Logistic regression analysis results showed that the age ≥40 years(40-49 years,OR = 6.313,95% CI:3.498-11.393;50-59 years,OR = 6.919,95% CI:3.876-12.351;60-69 years,OR = 5.175,95% CI:2.650-10.104;over 70 years,OR = 9.508,95% CI:3.608-25.061),moderate grade of meibomian gland dysfunction(MGD)(OR =2.123,95% CI:1.186-3.803),and the patients with rheumatoid arthritis(OR = 2.186,95% CI:1.098-4.353)and eye surgery(OR = 3.692,95% CI:1.204-11.323)were the risk factors for dry eye.While the occupation of farmer was a protective factor for dry eye(OR = 0.351,95% CI:0.135-0.917).Conclusion:Age,occupation,MGD grade,rheumatoid arthritis and eye surgery history affect the occurrence of dry eye to a certain extent.So enough attention and appropriate health guidance should be given to reduce the incidence of dry eye.更多还原