【摘要】 竞技健美操成套动作中高难度动作的完成质量是决定比赛胜负的关键。C289作为具备高、难、险技术特征的难度动作,是运动员比赛中获得高分和竞争奖牌的重要因素,在近年的世界大赛中备受青睐,因此如何提升动作质量,避免扣分点,成为当前亟需解决的训练难题。世界优秀运动员的技术模式是极具价值的模型,本研究运用QUALISYS红外光点高速运动捕捉系统,对2名男子世界冠军完成竞技健美操难度动作C289的不同技术特征进行运动学分析,深入研究其动作原理和关键技术,为难度动作的训练提供参考借鉴,有效促进难度动作的价值提升和创新发展。研究表明:1)2名运动员技术要点不同,起跳阶段麻东髋关节缓冲角度与蹬离速度均大于胡邦达,弹性势能储备更多,蹬离地面收腿,易完成转体与屈体动作,但规范性欠缺。2)胡邦达近乎垂直起跳,转体360°后屈髋的风险性更强,腾空时间较麻东少0.05s,动作清晰流畅;屈体时刻2种技术髋关节角度均小于60°,但麻东后仰幅度大,空中屈体形态位置不标准。3)麻东落地点前后与左右方向重心位移变化较大,胡邦达落地相对准确,可控性较强。4)先转体后屈髋技术难度较大,其动作形式特点更符合规则发展导向。更多还原

【Abstract】 The execution quality of high element in the routine of aerobic gymnastics is the key to decide the success or failure of the competition. As a high score,difficult and risky element,C289 is an important factor for athletes in achieving high scores and getting medals in the match,is popular in recent years world competitions; how to improve its quality and avoid penalty points become the urgent problem of training. The technical model of world elite athletes is a valuable model. This study did kinematic analysis on technical characteristics of C289 of two male world champions by QUALISYS system,and analyzed the movement principle and key technology,in order to provide references for element training to effectively promote the value and development of element. Conclusions: 1) The technical points of two athletes are different; compared with Hu Bangda,Ma Dong’s hip joint buffer angle and pushing off speed are higher,he has more elastic energy reserves to push off,and is easy to complete the 1/1 rotation and pike,but is lack of specification. 2) Hu Bangda is almost vertical taking-off; flexing hip after1/1 rotation has more risk; Hu Bangda’ flight duration is 0. 05 s less than Ma Dong’s,and his action is smooth and clear; the hip joint angle of two techniques is less than 60° at piking,Ma Dong’s back amplitude is larger and the pike position is not standard. 3) The displacement of Ma Dong’s center of gravity of changed greatly,and the landing place of Hu Bangda was relatively accurate and controllable. 4) The technique of rotation followed by hip flexion is difficult,but its characteristics conform to the rule development orientation.更多还原