【摘要】 飞机在起飞和着陆过程中意外冲出跑道端部时,很容易酿成机毁人亡的事故。国际飞行员联合会推荐的一种泡沫混凝土拦阻系统,能够有效地拦停冲出跑道的飞机而不引起乘员伤亡和飞机结构损坏。针对该型拦阻系统,通过对泡沫混凝土材料准静态压入力学行为的实验研究和有限元数值模拟,分析了拦阻材料的能量吸收特性,验证了自适应网格技术在模拟脆性泡沫深度挤压方面的可靠性。根据三维网格的自适应方法建立飞机机轮与泡沫混凝土拦阻材料耦合作用的数值模型,研究了机轮分别在不同初始速度、不同集中质量和不同材料强度条件下泡沫混凝土拦阻系统对冲出跑道飞机的拦停能力。研究结果表明,机轮初始速度对拦阻性能影响不明显,加速度和阻力比几乎相同;机轮的集中质量越大,机轮阻力和加速度越大,阻力比越大;在一定范围内拦阻材料强度越大,机轮受到的阻力越大,平均加速度越大。更多还原

【Abstract】 Aircraft may overrun a runway during takeoff and landing,leading to accidental aircraft damage and personal casualty. A foamed concrete arresting system can safely arrest the overrun aircraft in an allowed distance without injuring passengers and damaging aircraft landing gear. The quasi-static experiments of foamed concrete have been done and verified by numerical simulation based on adaptive mesh method. The coupling FEA model of aircraft wheel and foamed concrete is established based on adaptive method,through which the influences of initial velocity,lumped mass and material strength on the arresting capacity of the foamed concrete are studied. Results indicate that the wheel’s stopping time is longer at greater initial velocity,however,the acceleration and drag ratio are almost identical; the resistance imposed on aircraft wheel is greater in the case of greater lumped mass,leading to greater acceleration; the mean acceleration increases as the material gets stronger.更多还原