【摘要】 以辽宁省蓝莓鲜果为试材,采用组织分离法分离潜伏侵染果实的病原真菌,通过形态学和分子生物学方法,对病原菌进行分类鉴定,研究了真菌的潜伏侵染状况,为指导蓝莓果实病害防治提供参考依据。结果表明:辽宁省蓝莓果实普遍存在真菌潜伏侵染现象,不同品种带菌率存在差异,‘M7’带菌率较高,"布里吉塔""爱国者""奥尼尔"和"南好"带菌率较低。从8个蓝莓品种中共分离鉴定出9种潜伏病原真菌,分别为互隔交链孢霉(Alternaria alternata)、细极链格孢菌(Alternaria tenuissima)、芽枝霉属(Cladosporiumsp.)、灰葡萄孢菌(Botrytis cinerea)、黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)、嗜松青霉(Penicillium pinophilum)、茎点霉属(Phomasp.)、毛壳属(Chatetomiumsp.)和镰刀菌属(Fusariumsp.)。其中,互隔交链孢霉(Alternaria alternata)可在多个品种中分离,为蓝莓果实主要潜伏侵染病原真菌。另外,从蓝莓果实中分离到一株葡萄有孢汉逊酵母(Hanseniaspora uvarum),该酵母对互隔交链孢霉具有良好的抑制作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 The occurrence of latent infection of pathogenic fungi in blueberry fruits from Liaoning Province was researched.The fresh blueberry fruits were used as materials,using the tissue isolation method,latent pathogenic fungal were isolated.Morphology and molecular biology were used to identify the fungal species in order to provide a theoretical basis for blueberry decay control.The results showed that the latent infection of fungi was commonly found in the healthy blueberry fruits,and there existed significant difference in the latent infection rates among different cultivars.The rate of latent infection in‘M7’was the highest as compared to other cultivars such as‘Brigitta’‘Patriot’‘O′Neal’and ‘Southgood’.Nine pathogenic strains(Alternaria alternata,Alternaria tenuissima,Cladosporium sp.,Botrytis cinerea,Aspergillus niger,Penicillium pinophilum,Phoma sp.,Chatetomiumsp.,Fusarium sp.)which could cause blueberry decay were identified.In addition,Alternaria alternata was the main latent infection fungi in blueberry fruits whereas Chatetomiumsp.,a new pathogen of blueberry was reported for the first time.Hanseniaspora uvarum showed a strong antagonistic effect on Alternaria alternata.更多还原